1. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what do the terms p², q², and 2pq represent, in terms of the genetic structure of a population? It represents frequency of heterozygous According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genetic variation of a population i.e., the allelic frequencies will remain constant from one generation to another in the absence of any evolutionary influences. In the equation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, p represents the frequency of the dominant allele and q represents the frequency of the recessive allele. p2 represents the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in the population. q2 represents the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in the population. 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in the population.
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
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