Diagnostic tests of medical conditions can have several types of results. The test result can be positive or negative, whether or not a patient has the condition. A positive test (+) indicates that the patient has the condition. A negative test (-) indicates that the patient does not have the condition. Remember, a positive test does not prove the patient has the condition. Additional medical work may be required. Consider a random sample of 200 patients, some of whom have a medical condition and some of whom do not. Results of a new diagnostic test for a condition are shown. Condition Present Condition Absent Row Total Test Result + 102 28 130 Test Result - 17 53 70 Column Total 119 81 200 Assume the sample is representative of the entire population. For a person selected at random, compute the following probabilities. (Enter your answers as fractions.) (a) P(+ condition present); this is known as the sensitivity of a test. (b) P(-condition present); this is known as the false-negative rate. (c) P( condition absent); this is known as the specificity of a test. (d) P(+ condition absent); this is known as the false-positive rate. (e) P(condition present and +); this is the predictive value of the test. (f) P(condition present and -).

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012

1st Edition

ISBN:9780547587776

Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8CR

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Diagnostic tests of medical conditions can have several types of results. The test result can be positive or negative, whether or not a patient has the condition. A positive test (+) indicates that the patient has the condition. A negative test (−) indicates that the patient does not have the condition. Remember, a positive test does not prove the patient has the condition. Additional medical work may be required. Consider a random sample of 200 patients, some of whom have a medical condition and some of whom do not. Results of a new diagnostic test for a condition are shown. Assume the sample is representative of the entire population. For a person selected at random, compute the following probabilities. (Enter your answers as fractions.) a) P(+ | condition present); this is known as the sensitivity of a test. b) P(− | condition present); this is known as the false-negative rate. c) P(− | condition absent); this is known as the specificity of a test. d) P(+ | condition absent); this is known as the false-positive rate. e) P(condition present and +); this is the predictive value of the test. f) P(condition present and −).