Determine the major product(s): :0: H* CH3 H2N :O:

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**Title: Reaction Mechanism and Product Determination**

**Determination of Major Product(s) in an Organic Reaction**

In this instructional material, we examine the reaction depicted in the diagram to determine the major product(s) formed under the given conditions. This reaction involves an ester and methylamine in the presence of an acid catalyst.

**Reactants:**

- **Starting Material**: The reactant on the left is an ester, characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to an oxygen atom, which is also bonded to a carbon chain.
  
- **Reagent**: The reagent used is methylamine (CH₃NH₂), which is a simple amine.

**Reaction Conditions:**

- The reaction occurs in the presence of an acidic catalyst (H⁺).

**Mechanism Explanation:**

The reaction operates under typical conditions for nucleophilic acyl substitution in esters. The steps are as follows:

1. **Protonation of the Carbonyl Oxygen**: In the presence of H⁺, the carbonyl oxygen is protonated, increasing the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon.

2. **Nucleophilic Attack by Methylamine**: Methylamine acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon, leading to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.

3. **Reformation of the Carbonyl Group**: The intermediate collapses, leading to expulsion of methanol (formed from the -OCH₃ group) and formation of the final amide product.

The product formation relies on the substitution of the -OCH₃ group in the ester with the nucleophile (CH₃NH₂), resulting in an amide.

**Reaction Diagram Explanation:**

On the left side, the ester structure is shown. The ester has a carbonyl group (`C=O`) bonded to an oxygen atom, which is further bonded to an alkyl group.

On the right side, the reagent (methylamine, CH₃NH₂) is displayed with indications of reaction conditions (H⁺ is noted, showing it's in the presence of an acid catalyst).

The arrows between reactants and products suggest the direction of the reaction. The double-headed arrow indicates the reaction can proceed forward and reverse; however, here we consider the major product formation predominantly favored under acidic conditions.

**End Product:**

The major product of this reaction is an amide, which results by
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Reaction Mechanism and Product Determination** **Determination of Major Product(s) in an Organic Reaction** In this instructional material, we examine the reaction depicted in the diagram to determine the major product(s) formed under the given conditions. This reaction involves an ester and methylamine in the presence of an acid catalyst. **Reactants:** - **Starting Material**: The reactant on the left is an ester, characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to an oxygen atom, which is also bonded to a carbon chain. - **Reagent**: The reagent used is methylamine (CH₃NH₂), which is a simple amine. **Reaction Conditions:** - The reaction occurs in the presence of an acidic catalyst (H⁺). **Mechanism Explanation:** The reaction operates under typical conditions for nucleophilic acyl substitution in esters. The steps are as follows: 1. **Protonation of the Carbonyl Oxygen**: In the presence of H⁺, the carbonyl oxygen is protonated, increasing the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon. 2. **Nucleophilic Attack by Methylamine**: Methylamine acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon, leading to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. 3. **Reformation of the Carbonyl Group**: The intermediate collapses, leading to expulsion of methanol (formed from the -OCH₃ group) and formation of the final amide product. The product formation relies on the substitution of the -OCH₃ group in the ester with the nucleophile (CH₃NH₂), resulting in an amide. **Reaction Diagram Explanation:** On the left side, the ester structure is shown. The ester has a carbonyl group (`C=O`) bonded to an oxygen atom, which is further bonded to an alkyl group. On the right side, the reagent (methylamine, CH₃NH₂) is displayed with indications of reaction conditions (H⁺ is noted, showing it's in the presence of an acid catalyst). The arrows between reactants and products suggest the direction of the reaction. The double-headed arrow indicates the reaction can proceed forward and reverse; however, here we consider the major product formation predominantly favored under acidic conditions. **End Product:** The major product of this reaction is an amide, which results by
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