NH₂ х CI НО. дива ОН SH (1 eq) ОН pyridine ОН P205

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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3e

Provide the stable organic products 

### Organic Reaction Mechanisms

This series of images represents different organic chemical reactions. Here, we transcribe and describe each reaction by identifying the reactants and the conditions provided.

1. **Reaction 1:**
   - **Reactants:**
     - Aromatic amine (aniline).
     - β-Diketone.
   - **Reaction Type:** The image suggests a nucleophilic addition or substitution mechanism where aniline reacts with β-diketone.

2. **Reaction 2:**
   - **Reactants:**
     - Succinic anhydride.
     - Thiol (1 equivalent).
   - **Reaction Type:** This reaction involves the ring-opening of the anhydride by the thiol.

3. **Reaction 3:**
   - **Reactants:**
     - Acyl chloride (isobutyryl chloride).
     - Phenol.
     - **Conditions:** Pyridine.
   - **Reaction Type:** This illustrates an esterification reaction where the acyl chloride is converted to an ester in the presence of phenol and pyridine, which acts as a base to neutralize the hydrochloric acid by-product.

4. **Reaction 4:**
   - **Reactants:**
     - Piperidine.
     - Propanoic acid.
   - **Reaction Type:** This reaction likely demonstrates the formation of an amide or imine, although the specific details are not shown.

5. **Reaction 5:**
   - **Reactants:**
     - Malonic acid.
     - **Conditions:** Phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅).
   - **Reaction Type:** This reaction suggests the dehydration of malonic acid, possibly forming an anhydride or a related compound.

Each of these reactions demonstrates fundamental principles in organic synthesis, including nucleophilic substitution, esterification, ring opening, and dehydration. Understanding these processes is essential for students studying organic chemistry, as these reactions form the basis for synthesizing more complex molecules.
Transcribed Image Text:### Organic Reaction Mechanisms This series of images represents different organic chemical reactions. Here, we transcribe and describe each reaction by identifying the reactants and the conditions provided. 1. **Reaction 1:** - **Reactants:** - Aromatic amine (aniline). - β-Diketone. - **Reaction Type:** The image suggests a nucleophilic addition or substitution mechanism where aniline reacts with β-diketone. 2. **Reaction 2:** - **Reactants:** - Succinic anhydride. - Thiol (1 equivalent). - **Reaction Type:** This reaction involves the ring-opening of the anhydride by the thiol. 3. **Reaction 3:** - **Reactants:** - Acyl chloride (isobutyryl chloride). - Phenol. - **Conditions:** Pyridine. - **Reaction Type:** This illustrates an esterification reaction where the acyl chloride is converted to an ester in the presence of phenol and pyridine, which acts as a base to neutralize the hydrochloric acid by-product. 4. **Reaction 4:** - **Reactants:** - Piperidine. - Propanoic acid. - **Reaction Type:** This reaction likely demonstrates the formation of an amide or imine, although the specific details are not shown. 5. **Reaction 5:** - **Reactants:** - Malonic acid. - **Conditions:** Phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅). - **Reaction Type:** This reaction suggests the dehydration of malonic acid, possibly forming an anhydride or a related compound. Each of these reactions demonstrates fundamental principles in organic synthesis, including nucleophilic substitution, esterification, ring opening, and dehydration. Understanding these processes is essential for students studying organic chemistry, as these reactions form the basis for synthesizing more complex molecules.
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