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Describe the process shown in the model below. In addition to your description of the process and the steps involved, identify the following pieces of the model: 1) blue hexagon labeled #1, 2) grey oval labeled #2, 3) the three red ovals. Acetyl COA CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION 32-34

Describe the process shown in the model below. In addition to your description of the process and the steps involved, identify the following pieces of the model: 1) blue hexagon labeled #1, 2) grey oval labeled #2, 3) the three red ovals. Acetyl COA CYTOSOL MITOCHONDRION 32-34

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Understanding Cellular Respiration: ATP Production** **Description of the Process and Steps Involved:** The image represents a model of the process of cellular respiration, specifically focusing on the production of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) within a cell. Cellular respiration is a multi-step process utilized by cells to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, which serves as a vital energy currency for various cellular activities. The main steps illustrated in the model include: 1. **Glycolysis:** This occurs in the cytosol, where glucose (represented by the blue hexagon) is converted into pyruvate (not explicitly shown in the image), producing a small amount of ATP. 2. **Pyruvate Oxidation:** The pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrion and converted into Acetyl CoA (depicted by the grey oval labeled with a '2'). 3. **Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle):** Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle within the mitochondrial matrix. This cycle generates high-energy electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) and a small amount of ATP. The red ovals marked with '2' likely represent electron carriers (like NADH). 4. **Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and Oxidative Phosphorylation:** The high-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are carried to the inner mitochondrial membrane, where the electron transport chain (depicted with colored circles within the membrane) is located. As electrons pass through the chain, a proton gradient is created, powering ATP synthase to convert ADP to ATP. **Model Components:** 1. **Blue Hexagon labeled #1:** Represents glucose, the initial substrate in glycolysis. 2. **Grey Oval labeled #2:** Indicates Acetyl CoA, a critical intermediate that conveys carbon atoms into the Krebs cycle. 3. **Three Red Ovals:** They represent high-energy electron carriers, specifically NADH and FADH2, which are produced during the Krebs cycle and utilized in the electron transport chain to generate ATP. **Graph and Diagram Explanation:** - **Left Section:** Shows the initial conversion process involving glucose (blue hexagon becoming grey oval labeled '2') with accompanying production of electron carriers (red ovals). - **Right Section (detailed view of Mitochondrion):** - **Acetyl CoA**
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Cellular Respiration: ATP Production** **Description of the Process and Steps Involved:** The image represents a model of the process of cellular respiration, specifically focusing on the production of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) within a cell. Cellular respiration is a multi-step process utilized by cells to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, which serves as a vital energy currency for various cellular activities. The main steps illustrated in the model include: 1. **Glycolysis:** This occurs in the cytosol, where glucose (represented by the blue hexagon) is converted into pyruvate (not explicitly shown in the image), producing a small amount of ATP. 2. **Pyruvate Oxidation:** The pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrion and converted into Acetyl CoA (depicted by the grey oval labeled with a '2'). 3. **Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle):** Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle within the mitochondrial matrix. This cycle generates high-energy electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) and a small amount of ATP. The red ovals marked with '2' likely represent electron carriers (like NADH). 4. **Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and Oxidative Phosphorylation:** The high-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are carried to the inner mitochondrial membrane, where the electron transport chain (depicted with colored circles within the membrane) is located. As electrons pass through the chain, a proton gradient is created, powering ATP synthase to convert ADP to ATP. **Model Components:** 1. **Blue Hexagon labeled #1:** Represents glucose, the initial substrate in glycolysis. 2. **Grey Oval labeled #2:** Indicates Acetyl CoA, a critical intermediate that conveys carbon atoms into the Krebs cycle. 3. **Three Red Ovals:** They represent high-energy electron carriers, specifically NADH and FADH2, which are produced during the Krebs cycle and utilized in the electron transport chain to generate ATP. **Graph and Diagram Explanation:** - **Left Section:** Shows the initial conversion process involving glucose (blue hexagon becoming grey oval labeled '2') with accompanying production of electron carriers (red ovals). - **Right Section (detailed view of Mitochondrion):** - **Acetyl CoA**
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