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Describe one type of evidence for the particle nature of EM radiation.

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Malignant tumors are commonlytreated with targeted x-ray radiation therapy. To generate these medicalx rays, a linear accelerator directs a high-energy beam of electronstoward a metal target—typically tungsten. As they near the tungsten nuclei,the electrons are deflected and accelerated, emitting high-energyphotons via bremsstrahlung. The resulting x rays are collimated into abeam that is directed at the tumor. The photons can deposit energy inthe tumor through Compton and photoelectric interactions. A typicaltumor has 108 cells/cm3, and in a full treatment, 4 MeV photons mayproduce a dose of 70 Gy in 35 fractional exposures on different days.The gray (Gy) is a measure of the absorbed energy dose of radiation perunit mass of tissue: 1 Gy = 1 J/kg. How much energy is imparted to one cell during one day’s treatment? Assume that the specific gravity of the tumor is 1 and that 1 J = 6 * 1018 eV. (a) 120 keV; (b) 12 MeV; (c) 120 MeV; (d) 120 * 103 MeV.
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