d) One of the primary end points/outcomes the study listed was the number of days that it took to reach a 50% reduction in symptoms as reported on a 12-Symptom scale. In Table 2, you can see that the statistical test they used to evaluate differences between groups for this end point produced a p-value of 0.97. Please provide an interpretation of this p-value, explaining what it means in terms of whether significant differences exist between the groups in the number of days it took to achieve a 50% reduction in symptoms on the 12-Symptom scale.
d) One of the primary end points/outcomes the study listed was the number of days that it took to reach a 50% reduction in symptoms as reported on a 12-Symptom scale. In Table 2, you can see that the statistical test they used to evaluate differences between groups for this end point produced a p-value of 0.97. Please provide an interpretation of this p-value, explaining what it means in terms of whether significant differences exist between the groups in the number of days it took to achieve a 50% reduction in symptoms on the 12-Symptom scale.
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Question
- d) One of the primary end points/outcomes the study listed was the number of days that it took to reach a 50% reduction in symptoms as reported on a 12-Symptom scale. In Table 2, you can see that the statistical test they used to evaluate differences between groups for this end point produced a p-value of 0.97. Please provide an interpretation of this p-value, explaining what it means in terms of whether significant differences exist between the groups in the number of days it took to achieve a 50% reduction in symptoms on the 12-Symptom scale.
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CONTENTS FIGURES/ SUPPLEMENTAL REFERENCES
TABLES
CONTENT
Table 2. Primary and Secondary End Points
Table 2. Primary and Secondary End Points
End point
Primary end points
4-Symptom scale
Patients meeting 50% reduction,
No./total No. (%)
Time to 50% reduction, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
12-Symptom scale
Patients meeting 50% reduction,
No./total No. (%)
Time to 50% reduction, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
Secondary end points
Time until 4-symptom
composite score is 0
Time, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
Individual components, d
No fever
No cough
No shortness of breath
No fatigue
Composite 4-symptom score at day 5
Score
Difference, d (95% CI)
Hospitalization, No. (%)
Death, No. (%)
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
• P value derived from nonparametric test.
MacBook Pro
JPEO
JPEG
Mean (SD)
Total
191/214 (89.3)
5.9 (4.1)
ΝΑ
74/75 (98.7)
USDA ISDA
6.4 (3.3)
ΝΑ
10.6 (6.1)
ΝΑ
2.3 (2.3)
7.3 (6.2)
3.9 (4.8)
7.9 (6.0)
3.2 (2.2)
ΝΑ
17 (7.9)
3 (1.4)
USDA
Standard of care
44/50 (88.0)
6.7 (4.4)
[Reference]
18/19 (94.7)
- 6.2 (2.9)
[Reference]
9.9 (4.4)
[Reference]
2.2 (1.8)
5.7 (4.9)
3.6 (45)
8.7 (5.5)
3.1 (2.3)
[Reference]
3 (6.0)
0
Ascorbic acid only
46/48 (95.8)
5.5 (3.7)
-1.18 (-2.88 to 0.51)
14/14 (100.0)
RELATED
6.6 (3.7)
0.40 (-1.99 to 2.80)
NbUN
12.1 (6.9)
2.22 (-0.58 to 5.02)
2.5 (2.3)
7.3 (6.6)
4.5 (5.1)
8.3 (6.4)
0
Zinc only
51/58 (87.9)
21/21 (100.0)
COMMENTS
6.6 (3.7)
0.40 (-1.77 to 2.58)
10.8 (6.8)
0.85 (-1.91 to 3.62)
1.9 (1.8)
7.8 (6.6)
5.9 (4.9)
5.5 (3.4)
-0.86 (-2.76 to 1.03) -1.3 (-2.86 to 0.32)
3.4 (4.9)
6.9 (6.1)
3.2 (2.2)
0.11 (-0.78 to 1.00)
5 (8.6)
0
3.3 (2.1)
0.27 (-0.64 to 1.18)
2 (4.2)
1 (2.1)
P value derived from exact test.
JN JN
F11
C
X
Ascorbic acid with zinc
50/58 (86.2)
21/21 (100.0)
6.2 (3.2)
0.07 (-1.94 to 2.09)
9.7 (5.7)
-0.24 (-2.67 to 2.19)
2.7 (3.1)
8.1 (6.5)
4.2 (4.8)
8.0 (6.0)
3.3 (2.3)
0.20 (-0.72 to 1.12)
7 (12.1)
2 (3.4)
+
F12
Sign In
P value
.41
38ª
NA
44
97
NA
.29
NA
28
.30
.65
.56
94
NA
50
40
E
G](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff3995a13-75ca-4041-8e90-5f3545b2e7a7%2Fa1b0aa0f-5466-41ab-8fff-5549c1b0564b%2F1duimh_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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CONTENTS FIGURES/ SUPPLEMENTAL REFERENCES
TABLES
CONTENT
Table 2. Primary and Secondary End Points
Table 2. Primary and Secondary End Points
End point
Primary end points
4-Symptom scale
Patients meeting 50% reduction,
No./total No. (%)
Time to 50% reduction, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
12-Symptom scale
Patients meeting 50% reduction,
No./total No. (%)
Time to 50% reduction, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
Secondary end points
Time until 4-symptom
composite score is 0
Time, d
Difference, d (95% CI)
Individual components, d
No fever
No cough
No shortness of breath
No fatigue
Composite 4-symptom score at day 5
Score
Difference, d (95% CI)
Hospitalization, No. (%)
Death, No. (%)
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
• P value derived from nonparametric test.
MacBook Pro
JPEO
JPEG
Mean (SD)
Total
191/214 (89.3)
5.9 (4.1)
ΝΑ
74/75 (98.7)
USDA ISDA
6.4 (3.3)
ΝΑ
10.6 (6.1)
ΝΑ
2.3 (2.3)
7.3 (6.2)
3.9 (4.8)
7.9 (6.0)
3.2 (2.2)
ΝΑ
17 (7.9)
3 (1.4)
USDA
Standard of care
44/50 (88.0)
6.7 (4.4)
[Reference]
18/19 (94.7)
- 6.2 (2.9)
[Reference]
9.9 (4.4)
[Reference]
2.2 (1.8)
5.7 (4.9)
3.6 (45)
8.7 (5.5)
3.1 (2.3)
[Reference]
3 (6.0)
0
Ascorbic acid only
46/48 (95.8)
5.5 (3.7)
-1.18 (-2.88 to 0.51)
14/14 (100.0)
RELATED
6.6 (3.7)
0.40 (-1.99 to 2.80)
NbUN
12.1 (6.9)
2.22 (-0.58 to 5.02)
2.5 (2.3)
7.3 (6.6)
4.5 (5.1)
8.3 (6.4)
0
Zinc only
51/58 (87.9)
21/21 (100.0)
COMMENTS
6.6 (3.7)
0.40 (-1.77 to 2.58)
10.8 (6.8)
0.85 (-1.91 to 3.62)
1.9 (1.8)
7.8 (6.6)
5.9 (4.9)
5.5 (3.4)
-0.86 (-2.76 to 1.03) -1.3 (-2.86 to 0.32)
3.4 (4.9)
6.9 (6.1)
3.2 (2.2)
0.11 (-0.78 to 1.00)
5 (8.6)
0
3.3 (2.1)
0.27 (-0.64 to 1.18)
2 (4.2)
1 (2.1)
P value derived from exact test.
JN JN
F11
C
X
Ascorbic acid with zinc
50/58 (86.2)
21/21 (100.0)
6.2 (3.2)
0.07 (-1.94 to 2.09)
9.7 (5.7)
-0.24 (-2.67 to 2.19)
2.7 (3.1)
8.1 (6.5)
4.2 (4.8)
8.0 (6.0)
3.3 (2.3)
0.20 (-0.72 to 1.12)
7 (12.1)
2 (3.4)
+
F12
Sign In
P value
.41
38ª
NA
44
97
NA
.29
NA
28
.30
.65
.56
94
NA
50
40
E
G
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