Copper is known to be toxic to fish, and in particular, the Cu²+ species shows greatest toxicity. a. Calculate the speciation of Cu(II) for freshwater at a pH value of 8.3 as the hardness increases from 20 (soft) to 100 (moderately hard) to 200 (very hard) mg / L as CaCO3. Assume that the total divalent Cu(II) concentration is 10 µg / L. b. Based on your findings in part (a), do you think it is appropriate to set a single regulatory limit or should it depend on variables such as pH and hardness? Explain your answer.
Copper is known to be toxic to fish, and in particular, the Cu²+ species shows greatest toxicity. a. Calculate the speciation of Cu(II) for freshwater at a pH value of 8.3 as the hardness increases from 20 (soft) to 100 (moderately hard) to 200 (very hard) mg / L as CaCO3. Assume that the total divalent Cu(II) concentration is 10 µg / L. b. Based on your findings in part (a), do you think it is appropriate to set a single regulatory limit or should it depend on variables such as pH and hardness? Explain your answer.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question
![Copper is known to be toxic to fish, and in particular, the Cu²+ species shows greatest
toxicity.
a. Calculate the speciation of Cu(II) for freshwater at a pH value of 8.3 as the hardness
increases from 20 (soft) to 100 (moderately hard) to 200 (very hard) mg/L as
CaCO3. Assume that the total divalent Cu(II) concentration is 10 µg/L.
b. Based on your findings in part (a), do you think it is appropriate to set a single
regulatory limit or should it depend on variables such as pH and hardness? Explain
your answer.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Faeefd442-7c64-4a51-8ed1-c0196ac6a13e%2Fad379c98-5cce-4bbf-8d97-59bbccbbe198%2F75txe46_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Copper is known to be toxic to fish, and in particular, the Cu²+ species shows greatest
toxicity.
a. Calculate the speciation of Cu(II) for freshwater at a pH value of 8.3 as the hardness
increases from 20 (soft) to 100 (moderately hard) to 200 (very hard) mg/L as
CaCO3. Assume that the total divalent Cu(II) concentration is 10 µg/L.
b. Based on your findings in part (a), do you think it is appropriate to set a single
regulatory limit or should it depend on variables such as pH and hardness? Explain
your answer.
Expert Solution
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY