Copper at 500 °C has 1.10×1015 vacancies/cm³. The atomic weight of Cu is 63.55 g/mol and thedensity at this temperature is 8.96 g/cm³. Avogadro constant NA ~ 6.022×1023 atoms/mol.Boltzmann constant (K) - 8.62×10-³ ev/atom • K.(a) What is the activation energy required to create a vacancy in Cu?(b) Cu is then cooled to 400 °C. What will be the number of vacancies per cubic centimeter?Assume that the change in the density in the cooling is negligible.

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Copper at 500 °C has 1.10×1015 vacancies/cm³. The atomic weight of Cu is 63.55 g/mol and the density at this temperature is 8.96 g/cm³. Avogadro constant NA - 6.022×1023 atoms/mol. Boltzmann constant (K) ~ 8.62×10-$ ev/atom • K. (a) What is the activation energy required to create a vacancy in Cu? (b) Cu is then cooled to 400 °C. What will be the number of vacancies per cubic centimeter? Assume that the change in the density in the cooling is negligible.

Copper at 500 °C has 1.10×1015 vacancies/cm³. The atomic weight of Cu is 63.55 g/mol and the density at this temperature is 8.96 g/cm³. Avogadro constant NA - 6.022×1023 atoms/mol. Boltzmann constant (K) ~ 8.62×10-$ ev/atom • K. (a) What is the activation energy required to create a vacancy in Cu? (b) Cu is then cooled to 400 °C. What will be the number of vacancies per cubic centimeter? Assume that the change in the density in the cooling is negligible.

Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

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Crystalline Imperfections

The crystalline imperfections are described as the geometrical defects in the crystal due to incorrect arrangement of atoms, impurity, vacancy, and many more. It is not possible to achieve a perfect or ideal crystal, practically.

Question

Copper at 500 °C has 1.10×1015 vacancies/cm³. The atomic weight of Cu is 63.55 g/mol and the
density at this temperature is 8.96 g/cm³. Avogadro constant NA ~ 6.022×1023 atoms/mol.
Boltzmann constant (K) - 8.62×10-³ ev/atom • K.
(a) What is the activation energy required to create a vacancy in Cu?
(b) Cu is then cooled to 400 °C. What will be the number of vacancies per cubic centimeter?
Assume that the change in the density in the cooling is negligible.

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