Consider two commodities X&Y being produced by countries A&B. The available resources for each country and the resources (units) to produce one ton of each commodity are given in the next table. Available Units need to produce 1 ton Resource Commodoity X Commodoity Y Country A Country Bl Illustrate how to increase the global production of Commodities W and Z by applying the Absolute Advantage Theory. 500 10 6. 500 12

Consider two commodities X&Y being produced by countries A&B. The available resources for each country and the resources (units) to produce one ton of each commodity are given in the next table. Available Units need to produce 1 ton Resource Commodoity X Commodoity Y Country A Country Bl Illustrate how to increase the global production of Commodities W and Z by applying the Absolute Advantage Theory. 500 10 6. 500 12

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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The accompanying tables give production possibilities data for Gamma and Sigma. All data are in tons. Gamma's production possibilities A B C D E Tea 120 90 60 30 0 Pots 0 30 60 90 120 Sigma's production possibilities A B C D E Tea 40 30 20 10 0 Pots 0 30 60 90 120 Assume that before specialization and trade, Gamma and Sigma both chose production possibility "C." Now if each specializes according to comparative advantage, the gains from specialization and trade will be Multiple Choice 40 tons of pots. 20 tons of tea and 20 tons of pots. 20 tons of tea. 40 tons of tea.
The countries of Sanaton and Microtania each produce two goods: Airplanes and Computers. The table below lists the opportunity costs associated with producing each good, for each country. Country Opportunity cost of producing 1 Airplanes Opportunity cost of producing 1 Computers Sanaton 4 Computers 0.25 Airplanes 2 Airplanes Microtania 0.5 Computers Currently, Sanaton does not trade with Microtania, and on its own produces 19 Airplanes and 24 Computers. On their own, Microtania produces 30 Airplanes and 35 Computers. Calculate total world supply: Airplanes: → Computers: If Sanaton decided to change its production of Airplanes by -2, calculate the change in the production of Computers: If Microtania changed its production of Airplanes by 8, calculate the change in production of Computers: A
1. One German worker can produce either 5 cars or 10 tons of grain a year. One Japanese worker can produce either 4 cars or 5 tons of grain a year. To keep things simple, assume that each country has 100 million workers. Japan well as the PPE 6 L which country has an absolute advantage in produ f) Given all the information above, which country has a comparative advantage in producing cars? Which country has a comparative advantage in producing grain? Why? g) Both countries will spend half of each country's workers produce cars and half produce grain. Complete the following table with the quantities of cars produced and consumed in each country if there is no trade. Car Produced and Consumed (million) Tons of Grain Produced and Consumed (million) Germany Japan h) If each country only produces the good in which they have a comparative advantage and then traded 300 million tons of grain for 200 million cars, will both countries be better off? Why?
56 56 48 48 PPF 40 40 32 32 24 PPF 24 16 16 -- -- -- - 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 16 24 32 40 48 56 84 GRAIN (Millions of pounds) GRAIN (Millions of pounds) Maldonia has a comparative advantage in the production of while Lamponia has a comparative advantage in the production of Suppose that Maldonia and Lamponia specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of million pounds of sugar and million pounds of grain. Suppose that Maldonia ánd Lamponia agree to trade. Each country focuses its resources on producing only the good in which it has a comparative advantage. The countries decide to exchange 24 million pounds of grain for 24 million pounds of sugar. This ratio of goods is known as the price of trade between Maldonia and Lamponia. W SUGAR (MIlons of pounds) SUGAR (MIlions of pounds)
Answer the question on the basis of the following production possibilities data for Gamma and Sigma. All data are in tons. Gamma production possibilities: A B C D E Tea 120 90 60 30 0 Pots 0 30 60 90 120 Sigma production possibilities: A B C D E Tea 40 30 20 10 0 Pots 0 30 60 90 120 What are the limits of the terms of trade between Gamma and Sigma? 1 tea=2 pots to 1 tea=6 pots 1 tea=3 pots to 1 tea=6 pots 1 tea=2 pots to 1 tea=3.5 pots 1 tea=1 pot to 1 tea=3 pots
LENTILS (Millions of pounds) 80 70 8 60 50 40 30 20 10 + 0 0 PPF 10 Shenandoah 20 30 40 50 60 PEAS (Millions of pounds) 70 80 (?) LENTILS (Millions of pounds) 80 70 60 50 40 30 PPF 20 10 0 0 T 10 Denali 40 20 30 50 60 PEAS (Millions of pounds) 70 80 (?) Shenandoah has a comparative advantage in the production of , while Denali has a comparative advantage in the production of . Suppose that Shenandoah and Denali specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of peas. million pounds of lentils and million pounds of Suppose that Shenandoah and Denali agree to trade. Each country focuses its resources on producing only the good in which it has a comparative advantage. The countries decide to exchange 20 million pounds of peas for 20 million pounds of lentils. This ratio of goods is known as the price of trade between Shenandoah and Denali. The following graph shows the same PPF for Shenandoah…
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Country Jeans Corn Felicidad 8 32 Bellissima 12 24 Felicidad's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is (1/2 , 1/4, 2, 4) of corn, and Bellissima's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is ( 1/2 , 1/4, 2, 4) of corn. Therefore, (FELICIDADS, BELLISSIMA) has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans, (FELICIDADS, BELLISSIMA) and has a comparative advantage in the production of corn. Suppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In this case, the country that produces jeans will produce_______________million pairs per week, and the country that produces corn will produce____________million bushels per week.
3. Consider the following table that presents the labour requirements for production in the East and West (labour hours per unit of output) Food Clothing 20 East 10 West 5 15 Answer the following questions. a. Does the East have an absolute advantage in clothing production? Does the West have an absolute advantage in clothing production? Does the East have an absolute advantage in food production? Does the West have an absolute advantage in clothing production? Explain. b. Does the East have a comparative advantage in clothing production? Does the West have a comparative advantage in clothing production? Does the East have a comparative advantage in food production? Does the West have a comparative advantage in clothing production? Explain. c. In the West, what is the opportunity cost of producing one more unit of food? In the East, what is the opportunity cost of producing one more unit of food? Explain. d. Under free trade, where should East and West produce food and clothing, so as…
COFFEE (Millions of pounds) 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6 0 PPF 1 Maldonia 36 30 POTATOES (Millions of pounds) 06 12 18 24 42 48 COFFEE (Millions of pounds) 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6 0 PPF 1 0 6 Lamponia 18 42 12 24 30 36 POTATOES (Millions of pounds) 48 Consider the above two graphs which represent production possibilities. What are the comparative advantages? Maldonia has a comparative advantage in potatoes and Lamponia has a comparative advantage in coffee Maldonia has a comparative advantage in both goods O Lamponia has a comparative advantage in both goods O Maldonia has a comparative advantage in coffee adn Lamponia has a comparative advantage in potatoes
The following graph is the respective production possibility curves for the USA and South Korea. It shows there total output of medical devices and cars in a state of autarky (no trade), and it illustrates the gains that both countries can benefit from when they engage in trade. 10,000 10,000 8,000 tc 8,000 6,000 6,000 Consumpfion wth trode Consumplion wih trode 4,000 4,000 2,000 2,000 D. 1,000 0.5 1 3 2. 3 Automobiles (millions) Automobiles (millions) (a) USA (b) South Korea Medical Devices Automobiles (millions) USA 4,000 0.5 million South Korea 1,000 2 million Answer the following questions utilizing the textbook and your lecture videos: 1) What assumption in the production possibilities model may lead the model to overstate the gains from trade and cause the actual gains to be less than predicted by the model? 2) Who gains from trade in this scenario? Who may be hurt by trade in this scenario? 3) Do you think there is a role for the government to help those who are hurt by trade in…