Consider the reaction CS, (9) + 4H2 (9) = CH, (g) + 2H,S(9) a. Calculate AH°, AS", and AG" at 25°C for this reaction. AH; (kJ/mol) S" (J/mol-K) CS2 (9) 116.9 237.9 H2 (9) 130.6 CH, (9) H2S(g) -74.87 186.1 -20.50 205.6 ΔΗ' kJ AS° J/K AG kJ %3D b. Assume AH° and AS" are constant with respect to a change of temperature. Now calculate AG° at 350°C. AG, kJ c. Compare the two values of AG". What can you say about the spontaneity of the reaction at 25°C and at 350°C? O The reaction will be spontaneous at 25°C, and it will be nonspontaneous at 350°C. The reaction will be nonspontaneous at 25°C, and it will be spontaneous at 350°C. The reaction will be spontaneous at both 25°C and 350°C. O The reaction will be nonspontaneous at both 25°C and 350°C.

Consider the reaction CS, (9) + 4H2 (9) = CH, (g) + 2H,S(9) a. Calculate AH°, AS", and AG" at 25°C for this reaction. AH; (kJ/mol) S" (J/mol-K) CS2 (9) 116.9 237.9 H2 (9) 130.6 CH, (9) H2S(g) -74.87 186.1 -20.50 205.6 ΔΗ' kJ AS° J/K AG kJ %3D b. Assume AH° and AS" are constant with respect to a change of temperature. Now calculate AG° at 350°C. AG, kJ c. Compare the two values of AG". What can you say about the spontaneity of the reaction at 25°C and at 350°C? O The reaction will be spontaneous at 25°C, and it will be nonspontaneous at 350°C. The reaction will be nonspontaneous at 25°C, and it will be spontaneous at 350°C. The reaction will be spontaneous at both 25°C and 350°C. O The reaction will be nonspontaneous at both 25°C and 350°C.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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3.) Consider the reaction below. Reaction: AH°r (kJ/mole) 2 ICI (£) 17.78 L. (g) 247.551 l16.135 223.066 (/mole K) Which explains the outcome when 0.45 mol ½, 0.45 mol Cl2, and 2.42 mol ICl are added to a 2.0L flask at 25°C? A. [ICI] decreases B. [ICI] increases C. both [b] and [CL] increase D. at equilibrium Keywords: reaction quotient (Q), initial concentration(s), equilibrium concentration(s), equilibrium constant, forward reaction, reverse reaction, Q K. Q= K Concepts: Reaction Quotient, Chemical equilibrium
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Find AH° for BaCO3(s) --> BaO(s) + CO2(g) given 2 Ba(s) + O2(g) --> 2 BaO(s).. .AH° = -1107.0 kJ %D Ba(s) + CO2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) --> BaCO3(s)..AH° = -822.5 kJ %3D -1376.0 kJ -284.5 kJ -1929.5 kJ 269.0 kJ 537.0 kJ
Consider the reaction 6CO2(g) + 6H20((1) C,H12O6 + 602(g) for which AH° = 2.801×10° kJ and AS° = -259.0 J/K at 298.15 K. (1) Calculate the entropy change of the UNIVERSE when 1.722 moles of CO2(g) react under standard conditions at 298.15 K. ASuniverse J/K (2) Is this reaction reactant or product favored under standard conditions? (3) If the reaction is product favored, is it enthalpy favored, entropy favored, or favored by both enthalpy and entropy? If the reaction is reactant favored, choose 'reactant favored'.
Using H° data, calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction at 298K. 2 NH3(g) HNO3(aq) --> NO2(g) 2 H20(1) AH° (KJ/mol) -46.19 -206.6 33.84 -285.83 (Note: the table AH values are located directly below the corresponding compound, this is the number found in the Appendix)
(Q70) Using the tabulated values from the text (located in Appendix G, beginning at p. 1211) calculate (and report in kJ) the standard Gibbs free energy (AG°rxn) for the net reaction that occurs during photosynthesis: 6 H2O (1) + 6 CO2 (g) --> C6H12O6 (s) + 6 O2 (g). The AG°; for glucose (C6H1206) is -1273.3 kJ/mol.
For each of the following reactions, decide whether entropy is increasing (+AS) or decreasing (-AS). (a) 2CH4(g) + 2CO2(g) C2H4(g) + 2H,0(g) + 2CO (g) (b) CO2(g) + 3H2(g) CH;OH(g) + H,O(g) (c) CH;OCH;(g) + H20(g) 2CO(g) + 4H2(g)
O-234 kJ 234 kJ -150. kJ -117 kJ Given: -1835kJ AH°, AHᵒf (kJ/mol) -941 -840 QUESTION 12 Use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine AH°rxn for the following reaction: P4(g) + 10 Cl₂(g) → 4 PC|5(s) PC15(s) → PC13(g) + Cl₂(g) P4(g) + 6 Cl₂(g) → 4 PCl3(g) rxn IF7(g) IF 5(9) 2(g) 62.42 = ? ΔΗ° rxn AH°rxn = +157 kJ = -1207 KJ QUESTION 13 Use the AH°f and AH°rxn information provided to calculate AH°f for IF: IF7(9) + 12(g) → IF5(g) + 2 IF(g) AH°rxn = -89 kJ
Hydrogen bromide dissociates into its gaseous elements, H2 and Br2, at elevated temperatures. AH;, kJ/mol S° , J/(mol-K) HBr(g) -36.44 198.6 H2 (9) 130.6 Bra(9) 30.91 245.3 a. Calculate the percent dissociation at 337°C and 1.00 atm. (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) Percent dissociation % b. What would be the percent dissociation at 337°C and 10.0 atm? (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) Percent dissociation ]% c. Use data above and any reasonable approximation to obtain K. (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) K
4PCL, (g) P(g) + 6C1₂ (g) Al₂O₂ (s) + 3H₂(g) → 2Al(s) + 3H₂O(g) AH = 1207. kJ AS = 2852. AG = kJ J K -|: Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither AH = 951. kJ J K AG= 11. kl Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither
Combustion of glucose (CH,0 is the main source of energy for animal cells: CH,0,) + 60,(g) -- 6CO,(g) + 6H,o) AG,(37 C) =- 2872. kI One of the most important uses to which this energy is put is the assembly of proteins out of amino acid building blocks. The Gibbs free energy of formation of one peptide bond, joining one amino acid to another, is 21 k/mol. Suppose some cells are assembling a certain protein made of 84 amino acids. (Note that the number of peptide bonds in the protein will be one less than the number of amino acids.) Calculate the minimum mass of glucose that must be burned to assemble 400. umol of this protein. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.