Consider the following rotational temperatures of diatomic molecules: qr(N2) = 2.9K, qr(HD) = 64.7K Assuming classical behaviour (i.e. continuum approximation): (i)  Estimate the number of accessible rotational energy levels at 290 K for both molecules.  (ii)  In which case would the classical approximation be accurate?

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Solidification of metals

The term solidification indicates the conversion of material from the state of liquid to the state of solid. The solid-state is more compact and rigid than liquid, and the solidification indicates the transformation of material from a random state to a more compact and crystalline form. The point at which dendrite formation in liquid starts taking place is referred to as the solidification point.