Consider the following circuit that contains a Trojan circuitry shown in red. Assume that the puts are statistically independent and have a 50/50 chance of being a logic one.

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**Problem 2: Analyzing a Circuit with Trojan Circuitry**

Consider the following circuit that contains a Trojan circuitry shown in red. Assume that the inputs are statistically independent and have a 50/50 chance of being a logic one.

### Diagram Description
The diagram illustrates a logic circuit containing a Trojan component highlighted in red. The circuit has several logic gates connected in a sequence. The main elements are:

- **Logic Gates:** The circuit includes a combination of AND and OR gates.
- **Trojan Circuitry:** Highlighted in red, the Trojan part is connected at a point labeled "P sa0."
- **Inputs and Outputs:** The circuit has multiple independent inputs and a single output.

### Questions

a) What is the probability of triggering the Trojan with a random pattern?

b) What is the probability of observing the Trojan with a random pattern?

c) What is the probability of detecting the Trojan with a random pattern?

These questions require an understanding of how the Trojan affects the circuit's behavior and the probability of each specific condition occurring, given random input patterns.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 2: Analyzing a Circuit with Trojan Circuitry** Consider the following circuit that contains a Trojan circuitry shown in red. Assume that the inputs are statistically independent and have a 50/50 chance of being a logic one. ### Diagram Description The diagram illustrates a logic circuit containing a Trojan component highlighted in red. The circuit has several logic gates connected in a sequence. The main elements are: - **Logic Gates:** The circuit includes a combination of AND and OR gates. - **Trojan Circuitry:** Highlighted in red, the Trojan part is connected at a point labeled "P sa0." - **Inputs and Outputs:** The circuit has multiple independent inputs and a single output. ### Questions a) What is the probability of triggering the Trojan with a random pattern? b) What is the probability of observing the Trojan with a random pattern? c) What is the probability of detecting the Trojan with a random pattern? These questions require an understanding of how the Trojan affects the circuit's behavior and the probability of each specific condition occurring, given random input patterns.
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