**Title: Calculating Effective Access Time in a Paging System****Text:**Consider a paging system with the page table stored in memory. 80 percent of all page-table references are found in the TLBs (Translation Lookaside Buffers). We assume that a memory reference takes 300 nanoseconds (ns) and finding a page-table entry in the TLBs takes 50 ns. What is the effective access time?**Explanation:**In this paging system, TLBs play a crucial role in speeding up memory access. Here's a breakdown of the process and calculations:1. **TLB Hit Ratio:** - 80% of the time, the required page-table entry is found in the TLB. This event is referred to as a "TLB hit."2. **TLB Miss Ratio:** - 20% of the time, the page-table entry is not found in the TLB, leading to a "TLB miss."3. **Access Times:** - **TLB Hit:** The time taken is the time to access the TLB (50 ns) plus the time to access memory (300 ns), totaling 350 ns. - **TLB Miss:** The time involves accessing the TLB (50 ns), failing to find the entry (another 300 ns to access memory for the page table), and then another memory reference (300 ns) to access the actual desired data. In total, this equals 650 ns.4. **Effective Access Time Calculation:** - Effective Access Time (EAT) can be calculated using the formula: \[ EAT = ( \text{TLB Hit Ratio} \times \text{Time on TLB Hit} ) + ( \text{TLB Miss Ratio} \times \text{Time on TLB Miss} ) \] - Substituting the values: \[ EAT = (0.8 \times 350) + (0.2 \times 650) \] - Calculating it: \[ EAT = 280 + 130 = 410 \text{ ns} \]The effective access time for this system is 410 nanoseconds. This calculation demonstrates the importance of TLBs in reducing effective memory access time in paging systems.

Here in this question we have given a paging system in which 80 % of all page table reference found…

Answered: Consider a paging system with the page…

Database System Concepts

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Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

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Consider a paging system with the page table stored in memory. A. If a memory reference takes 200 nanoseconds, how long does a paged memory reference take? B. If we add associative registers, and 75 percent of all page-table references are found in the associative registers, what is the effective memory reference time? (Assume that finding a page-table entry in the associative registers takes zero time, if the entry is there.)
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Consider a paging system with the page table stored in memory. 80 percent of all page-table references are found in the TLBS. We assume that a memory reference takes 300 ns and finding a page-table entry in the TLBS takes 50 ns. What is the effective access time?