Consider a system in which bus cycles takes 500 ns. Transfer of bus control in either direction, from processor to I/O device or vice versa, takes 250 ns. One of the I/O de- vices has a data transfer rate of 50 KB/s and employs DMA. Data are transferred one byte at a time. a. Suppose we employ DMA in a burst mode. That is, the DMA interface gains bus mastership prior to the start of a block transfer and maintains control of the bus until the whole block is transferred. For how long would the device tie up the bus when transferring a block of 128 bytes? b. Repeat the calculation for cycle-stealing mode.

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Computer Fundamentals

The computer is termed computation. For calculating or computing something the device that has been used is known as the computer. Or we can say that for performing a fast arithmetic operation the device that has been used is a computer. Storing, processing, and retrieving are the main features of a computer.