1) Consider a memoryless discrete-time source which emits a sequence of random elementsX1, X2, ·where xk for each integer k can be any of a1, a2, az and a4. Assume...that Prob(xka1) = 0.01, Prob(xka2)0.1 and Prob(xkаз)= 0.3. Answer thefollowing questions:b) What is the (simplest) relationship between the entropy of xk and the entropy of(Xk, Xk+1)?

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/28221ffb-b900-4dee-86bf-bd9c5367a01a.jpg

Answered: Consider a memoryless discrete-time…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A QR code photographed in poor lighting, so that it can be difficult to distinguish black and white pixels. The gray color (X) in each pixel is therefore coded on a scale from 0 (white) to 100 (black). The true pixel value (without shadow) the code is Y = 0 for white, and Y = 1 for black. We treat X and Y as random variables. For the highlighted pixel in the figure is the gray color X = 20 and the true pixel value is white, i.e. Y = 0. We assume that QR codes are designed so that, on average, there are as many white as black pixels, which means that pY (0) = pY (1) = 1/2. In this situation, X is continuously distributed (0 ≤ X ≤ 100) and Y is discretely distributed, but we can still think about the simultaneous distribution of X and Y. We start by defining the conditional density of X, given the value of Y : fX|Y(x|0) = "Pixel is really white" fX|Y(x|1) =" Pixel is really balck " Use Bayes formula as given in the picture and find the probability for x = 20 like in the picture.
sketch a 5-input, 3-output switching element. time is slotted and synchronized for inputs. One slot holds at most one packet. A packet arrival processes to each input are Bernoulli (with arrival probability p for a packet in each slot and non arrival probability 1-p in each slot) (a) write an expression for the probability of one or more arrivals in a slot. (b) find the throughput at the output (c) write an expression for the probability in a slot that the top 3 inputs have packets and the bottom 2 doesn't have a packet. (d) for what values of p is the probability of 2 arrivals at the input greater than the probability of ine arrival at the inputs?
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