Consider a DRAM chip of capacity 256 KB and each memory location contains 8 bits. The memorychip is organized in matrix form with equal number of rows and column for each memory location of 8bits. This DRAM chip has a refresh interval of 64 ms, memory bus runs at 200 MHz, and the refreshcycle takes 4 clock cycle.a) Time required to refresh the DRAM chip.b) What is the minimum size of the refresh counter?

We need to find the amount of time to refresh and minimum refresh counter in the above problem. See…

Answered: Consider a DRAM chip of capacity 256 KB…

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)

7th Edition

ISBN:9780133594140

Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...

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On the Motorola 68020 microprocessor, a cache access takes two clock cycles. Data access from main memory over the bus to the processor takes three clock cycles in the case of no wait state insertion; the data are delivered to the processor in parallel with delivery to the cache. a. Calculate the effective length of a memory cycle given a hit ratio of 0.9 and a clocking rate of 16.67 MHz. b. Repeat the calculations assuming insertion of two wait states of one cycle each per memory cycle. What conclusion can you draw from the results?
3. A particular SDRAM system uses 24-bit addresses. There are 2 ranksin the system and the burst length is 4 words. Calculate the number ofbits that are used for individual words in the burst, the number of bits forthe rank select, and show how the address bits are organized.
4. Suppose the memory cells at addresses Ox00 through 0x05 in the Vole contain the following bit patterns: Address 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 Contents 0x22 0x11 0x32 0x02 OXCO 0x00 Assuming that the program counter initially contained 0x00, record the contents of the program counter, instruction register, and memory cell at address 0x02 at the end of each fetch phase of the machine cycle until the machine halts.
A computer system contains a big endian byte addressable memory system with 8 separate memory modules. Each memory module is 32 bits wide and contains 134217728 cells. Cells within each memory module are numbered 0 through 134217727. a) If the memory employs high order interleaving, what is the 32-bit memory address of cell 1048578 within module 3? b) If the high order interleaved memory uses little-endian instead of big-endian storage order, what is the 32-bit memory address of cell 511 within module 1? c) If the memory employs low order interleaving, what is the 32-bit memory address of byte 1048575 within module 2? Bytes are numbered starting from 0. Express the address in hex. d) What is the main advantage of using low-order interleaved memory compared to using high-order interleaved memory?
On the Motorola 68020 microprocessor, a cache access takes two clock cycles. Data access from main memory over the bus to the processor takes three clock cycles in the case of no wait state insertion; the data are delivered to the processor in parallel with delivery to the cache. a. Calculate the effective length of a memory cycle given a hit ratio of 0.9 and a clocking rate of 16.67 MHz. b. Repeat the calculations assuming insertion of two wait states of one cycle each per memory cycle. What conclusion can you draw from the results?
In a computer with a 32-bit data-bus, how many 4-bit wide memory components are used? the answer to this part is 32/4 = 8 components (2-bit wide) I need the answer to part two, please If the size of each 4-bit memory component is 4 xn cells where n = 1G (i.e., 4 x n uniquely addressable locations-n: row, 4:2 column/width), what is the total capacity of the memory system? Show your answer in power of 2. (hint: 1000 - 210)
Answer ii)
Consider a CPU which operates with 20Mbyte/s operating speed. The CPU is operating on program control mode of I/O and it has to transfer data of 20 bytes from it. The data is transferred byte wise. Size of the Status register is 2 bytes. What is the total time needed to perform the data transfer?
On the Motorola 68020 microprocessor, a cache access takes two clock cycles. Data access from main memory over the bus to the processor takes three clock cycles in the case of no wait state insertion; the data are delivered to the processor in parallel with delivery to the cache. a. Calculate the effective length of a memory cycle given a hit ratio of 0.9 and a clocking rate of 16.67 MHz. b. Repeat the calculations assuming insertion of two wait states of one cycle each per memory cycle. What conclusion can you draw from the results?
show the equation with all the math

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