Compound Name Structure Functional Group or Linkage Amine RNH, or RNH, R,NH -N (amino group) ar or R,N or RNH Alcohol ROH -OH (hy draxyl group) Thiol RSH -SH (sulfhy dryl group) Ether ROR -0- (ether linkage) Aldkhyde (carbonyl group) Ketone (carbonyl group) Carbox ylic acid R-C-OH or (carbaxyl group) or ---o (carbozylate group) Ester -OR (ester linkage) R- (acyl group R-C-SR (thicester linkage) R-E- (acyl group Thioester Amide R-C-NH, R-C-NHR (amido group) R--C- (acyl groupr R--NR, Imine (Schiff ba R=NH or R=NH; or RNHR C-N- or -K Cimino group) R=NR Disulfide R-S SR -SS (disulfide linkage) Phosphate ester -0-P-O (phosphoryl group) Diphosphat ester -0 (phosphaanhydride group) OH Phosphate diester R-0-F-o-R (phosphodiester linkage) "Repesents any carbon-containing group. In a moecuke with more than one R group, the groups may be the same or diffeent "Under physiological conditions, these groups ae iomized and hence bear a positive or egative charge. If attached to an atom other than carbon. ? Cover the Structure column and draw the structure for sach compounmd lsted on the left. Do the same for cach functional group or linkage.

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Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.