Classify the experiments according to their experimental designs. Some designs may be used more than once.Studying. A sample of 30 students was separated into upperclassmen and lowerclassmen. The members of each group were randomly assigned to two different studying techniques. The responses of each student were recorded at the completion of the experiment.Rats. A sample of 50 rats was grouped into pairs of similar individuals based on species, age, and weight. Then, within these pairs, each rat was assigned to a different diet. After three weeks, the responses of each pair were analyzed to compare the effects of the diets.Race car fuel. Twenty race cars were assigned to drive two laps, once with fuel A and once with fuel B. The order of treatments was randomized for each race car. The lap times of each race car were recorded to compare the effects of the two different treatments.Building age. A random sample of 100 houses was selected in a particular city. To assess how building age influences energy consumption, the construction year and energy usage over a one-year time period were recorded for each house.Driving simulations. Eighteen drivers were randomly assigned to three different driving simulations. At the conclusion of each simulation, the performance of each driver was evaluated. ### Types of Study DesignsWhen conducting research, it's essential to choose the appropriate study design to ensure the validity and reliability of the results. Below, we categorize different scenarios and the study designs best suited for them:#### 1. Studying- **Design:** Observational study- **Explanation:** This involves observing and recording behavior or conditions without manipulating any variables. It is often used to identify correlations and patterns.#### 2. Race Car Fuel- **Design:** Completely randomized design- **Explanation:** This design assigns subjects or experimental units to various treatment groups randomly. It helps eliminate bias and ensures that each group is similar at the start of the experiment.#### 3. Rats- **Design:** Matched pairs design- **Explanation:** Subjects are paired based on certain characteristics, and each pair is split into different treatment groups. This design helps control for variables that might affect the outcome.#### 4. Building Age- **Design:** Matched pairs design- **Explanation:** Similar to the rats study, buildings are paired based on age or other characteristics to examine differences under different treatment conditions.#### 5. Driving Simulations- **Design:** Block design (not matched pairs)- **Explanation:** This design involves dividing subjects into blocks or groups based on specific variables before assigning treatments. Unlike matched pairs, it considers more than two groups or conditions.### Answer Bank- Observational study- Completely randomized design- Matched pairs design- Block design (not matched pairs)By selecting the appropriate study design, researchers can better control for confounding variables, improve the validity of their findings, and ensure that their study results are reliable and accurate.

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Classify the experiments according to their experimental designs. Some designs may be used more than once. Studying. A sample of 30 students was separated into upperclassmen and lowerclassmen. The members of each group were randomly assigned to two different studying techniques. The responses of each student were recorded at the completion of the experiment. Rats. A sample of 50 rats was grouped into pairs of similar individuals based on species, age, and weight. Then, within these pairs, each rat was assigned to a different diet. After three weeks, the responses of each pair were analyzed to compare the effects of the diets. Race car fuel. Twenty race cars were assigned to drive two laps, once with fuel A and once with fuel B. The order of treatments was randomized for each race car. The lap times of each race car were recorded to compare the effects of the two different treatments. Building age. A random sample of 100 houses was selected in a particular city. To assess how building age influences energy consumption, the construction year and energy usage over a one-year time period were recorded for each house. Driving simulations. Eighteen drivers were randomly assigned to three different driving simulations. At the conclusion of each simulation, the performance of each driver was evaluated.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

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Classify the experiments according to their experimental designs. Some designs may be used more than once.

Studying. A sample of 30 students was separated into upperclassmen and lowerclassmen. The members of each group were randomly assigned to two different studying techniques. The responses of each student were recorded at the completion of the experiment.

Rats. A sample of 50 rats was grouped into pairs of similar individuals based on species, age, and weight. Then, within these pairs, each rat was assigned to a different diet. After three weeks, the responses of each pair were analyzed to compare the effects of the diets.

Race car fuel. Twenty race cars were assigned to drive two laps, once with fuel A and once with fuel B. The order of treatments was randomized for each race car. The lap times of each race car were recorded to compare the effects of the two different treatments.

Building age. A random sample of 100 houses was selected in a particular city. To assess how building age influences energy consumption, the construction year and energy usage over a one-year time period were recorded for each house.

Driving simulations. Eighteen drivers were randomly assigned to three different driving simulations. At the conclusion of each simulation, the performance of each driver was evaluated.

### Types of Study Designs

When conducting research, it's essential to choose the appropriate study design to ensure the validity and reliability of the results. Below, we categorize different scenarios and the study designs best suited for them:

#### 1. Studying
- **Design:** Observational study
- **Explanation:** This involves observing and recording behavior or conditions without manipulating any variables. It is often used to identify correlations and patterns.

#### 2. Race Car Fuel
- **Design:** Completely randomized design
- **Explanation:** This design assigns subjects or experimental units to various treatment groups randomly. It helps eliminate bias and ensures that each group is similar at the start of the experiment.

#### 3. Rats
- **Design:** Matched pairs design
- **Explanation:** Subjects are paired based on certain characteristics, and each pair is split into different treatment groups. This design helps control for variables that might affect the outcome.

#### 4. Building Age
- **Design:** Matched pairs design
- **Explanation:** Similar to the rats study, buildings are paired based on age or other characteristics to examine differences under different treatment conditions.

#### 5. Driving Simulations
- **Design:** Block design (not matched pairs)
- **Explanation:** This design involves dividing subjects into blocks or groups based on specific variables before assigning treatments. Unlike matched pairs, it considers more than two groups or conditions.

### Answer Bank
- Observational study
- Completely randomized design
- Matched pairs design
- Block design (not matched pairs)

By selecting the appropriate study design, researchers can better control for confounding variables, improve the validity of their findings, and ensure that their study results are reliable and accurate.

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