Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Classification of Ions**
When classifying elements and ions, it's essential to determine whether they are, or tend to form, cations or anions.
**Cations:**
Cations are positively charged ions, generally formed by the loss of electrons. They typically include:
- Group 2A (Group 2) elements
- Metals
- Ca\(^{2+}\) ion (Calcium ion, which has lost two electrons)
**Anions:**
Anions are negatively charged ions, generally formed by the gain of electrons. They include:
- Substances with more protons than electrons
- Negatively charged species
- Group 7A (Group 17) elements
- Nonmetals
- Cl\(^{-}\) ion (Chloride ion, which has gained one electron)
By understanding these classifications, learners can better grasp how different elements interact to form compounds.
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