This image depicts a series of chemical reactions demonstrating various organic synthesis methods. Each reaction involves a specific starting compound, reagent(s), and conditions which lead to a specific chemical transformation. Below is a detailed transcription and explanation: **e)** - **Starting Compound:** Cyclopentanol with a methyl group (CH₃) attached to the ring. - **Reagent/Conditions:** 85% H₂SO₄ at 110°C. - **Reaction Type:** Likely an acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction leading to the formation of an alkene. **f)** - **Starting Compound:** A brominated cyclohexane derivative. - **Reagent/Conditions:** CH₃CH₂OH with AgNO₃ at room temperature. - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution, where the bromine is likely replaced by an ethoxy group. **g)** - **Starting Compound:** An iodinated tertiary butyl compound. - **Reagent/Conditions:** Potassium tert-butoxide (KOC(CH₃)₃) in tert-butyl alcohol ((CH₃)₃COH) under heat (Δ). - **Reaction Type:** Elimination reaction, possibly leading to the formation of an alkene through the E2 mechanism. **h)** - **Starting Compound:** A cyclohexane ring with a bromine and a methyl substituent. - **Reagent/Conditions:** NaSCH₃ in DMSO. - **Reaction Type:** A nucleophilic substitution likely resulting in the replacement of bromine with a methylthio group. **i)** - **Starting Compound:** Benzyl methanesulfonate (CH₂OMs). - **Reagent/Conditions:** Sodium methoxide (NaOCH₃) in methanol, heated under reflux. - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution, where the methanesulfonate group is likely replaced by a methoxide group. These reactions illustrate key principles in organic chemistry such as substitution and elimination mechanisms, and highlight the impact of different reagents and conditions on reaction pathways. **Description of Reactions and Mechanisms** **a)** Two equivalents of NaCN in acetone are used to react with a compound containing two iodines and two hydrogens bonded to a carbon chain: - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution - **Mechanism:** Likely SN2 due to the presence of acetone as a polar aprotic solvent. **b)** A cyclohexane derivative with a chlorine and a methyl group is reacted with CH₃CH₂CH₂OH under warm conditions: - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution or elimination - **Mechanism:** Possibly SN1 due to the alcohol as both a solvent and nucleophile, potentially leading to elimination if conditions favor it. **c)** An alkyl tosylate is reacted with NaOCH₃ in refluxing methanol: - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution - **Mechanism:** SN2, as NaOCH₃ is a strong nucleophile and methanol is a polar protic solvent aiding in the substitution process. **d)** CH₃Cl reacts with NaNH₂ in ammonia: - **Reaction Type:** Elimination - **Mechanism:** E2, as NaNH₂ is a strong base, and NH₃ provides the necessary conditions for elimination to form an alkene. **e)** A cyclopentane alcohol derivative undergoes reaction with 85% H₂SO₄ at 110°C: - **Reaction Type:** Dehydration - **Mechanism:** E1, acid-catalyzed elimination resulting in an alkene through the dehydration of alcohol. **f)** An alkyl bromide is treated with CH₃CH₂OH and AgNO₃ at room temp: - **Reaction Type:** Nucleophilic substitution - **Mechanism:** SN1, as AgNO₃ can lead to the formation of a carbocation intermediate, facilitating substitution in the presence of ethanol. **g)** A methyl iodide derivative is reacted with KOC(CH₃)₃ in tert-butanol under heat: - **Reaction Type:** Elimination - **Mechanism:** E2, using KOC(CH₃)₃ as a strong base to promote elimination and the heat assisting in driving the reaction. These reactions involve a variety of nucleophilic substitutions and eliminations, showcasing the role of solvents, temperature,