Chapter 6, Section 3-HT, Exercise 175 Hormone Replacement Therapy This exercise refers to a study on hormone replacement therapy. Until 2002, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), taking hormones to replace those the body no longer makes after menopause, was commonly prescribed to post-menopausal women. However, in 2002 the results of a large clinical trial1 were published, causing most doctors to stop prescribing it and most women to stop using it, impacting the health of millions of women around the world. In the experiment, 8506 women were randomized to take HRT and 8102 were randomized to take a placebo. Table 1 shows the observed counts for several conditions over the five years of the study. (Note: The planned duration was 8.5 years. The study was terminated as soon as HRT was shown to significantly increase risk (using a significance level of α=0.05), because at that point it was unethical to continue forcing women to take HRT). Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer? Condition HRT Group Placebo Group Cardiovascular Disease 164 122 Invasive Breast Cancer 166 124 Cancer (all) 502 458 Fractures 650 788 Table 1 Counts for several conditions within the HRT group and the placebo group 1Rossouw, J., et. al., ‘‘Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002 Jul 17; 288(3): 321-33. (a) Give the test statistic and the p-value for a test for the difference in two proportions pH-pP, where pH is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking HRT and pP is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking a placebo. Round your answer for the test statistic to two decimal places and your answer for the p-value to three decimal places. test statistic = p-value = (b) Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer? Use a 5% significance level. Yes No

Chapter 6, Section 3-HT, Exercise 175 Hormone Replacement Therapy This exercise refers to a study on hormone replacement therapy. Until 2002, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), taking hormones to replace those the body no longer makes after menopause, was commonly prescribed to post-menopausal women. However, in 2002 the results of a large clinical trial1 were published, causing most doctors to stop prescribing it and most women to stop using it, impacting the health of millions of women around the world. In the experiment, 8506 women were randomized to take HRT and 8102 were randomized to take a placebo. Table 1 shows the observed counts for several conditions over the five years of the study. (Note: The planned duration was 8.5 years. The study was terminated as soon as HRT was shown to significantly increase risk (using a significance level of α=0.05), because at that point it was unethical to continue forcing women to take HRT). Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer? Condition HRT Group Placebo Group Cardiovascular Disease 164 122 Invasive Breast Cancer 166 124 Cancer (all) 502 458 Fractures 650 788 Table 1 Counts for several conditions within the HRT group and the placebo group 1Rossouw, J., et. al., ‘‘Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002 Jul 17; 288(3): 321-33. (a) Give the test statistic and the p-value for a test for the difference in two proportions pH-pP, where pH is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking HRT and pP is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking a placebo. Round your answer for the test statistic to two decimal places and your answer for the p-value to three decimal places. test statistic = p-value = (b) Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer? Use a 5% significance level. Yes No

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Chapter 6, Section 3-HT, Exercise 175

Hormone Replacement Therapy

This exercise refers to a study on hormone replacement therapy. Until 2002, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), taking hormones to replace those the body no longer makes after menopause, was commonly prescribed to post-menopausal women. However, in 2002 the results of a large clinical trial¹ were published, causing most doctors to stop prescribing it and most women to stop using it, impacting the health of millions of women around the world. In the experiment, 8506 women were randomized to take HRT and 8102 were randomized to take a placebo. Table 1 shows the observed counts for several conditions over the five years of the study. (Note: The planned duration was 8.5 years. The study was terminated as soon as HRT was shown to significantly increase risk (using a significance level of α=0.05), because at that point it was unethical to continue forcing women to take HRT).

Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer?

Condition

HRT Group

Placebo Group

Cardiovascular Disease

164

122

Invasive Breast Cancer

166

124

Cancer (all)

502

458

Fractures

650

788
Table 1 Counts for several conditions within the HRT group and the placebo group

¹Rossouw, J., et. al., ‘‘Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002 Jul 17; 288(3): 321-33.

(a) Give the test statistic and the p-value for a test for the difference in two proportions pH-pP, where pH is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking HRT and pP is the proportion of women who get invasive breast cancer taking a placebo.

Round your answer for the test statistic to two decimal places and your answer for the p-value to three decimal places.

test statistic =

p-value =

(b) Does HRT influence the chance of a woman getting invasive breast cancer? Use a 5% significance level.

Yes

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