Chair conformation time! Consider the following molecule: Et Ph. iPr NH₂ a. Circle the largest substituent. b. Now take this largest substituent and place it equatorial on one of the cyclohexane rings drawn below. It does not matter which ring you pick first. c. Now move clockwise (or counterclockwise if you're rebellious) around the chair conformation you chose, drawing in the rest of the substituents (including hydrogens). i. Remember, wedges and dashes only indicate up or down here, not axial or equatorial. You can be axial up, equatorial up, axial down, or equatorial down. d. Now look at the chair conformation you left blank. Draw the largest substituent axial on this ring. e. Repeat c, moving along the rest of the chair conformation to draw in the rest of the substituents, including hydrogens. f. Label the most stable conformation: it should be the conformation with the most and/or largest substituents equatorial. #
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
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