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čéllš attáčk virally infected cells, usually killing them using what method? O 1) Complement activation 2) Apoptosis O 3) Phagocytosis O 4) Senescence

čéllš attáčk virally infected cells, usually killing them using what method? O 1) Complement activation 2) Apoptosis O 3) Phagocytosis O 4) Senescence

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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### Immune Response Mechanisms #### CD8 Cells Attack Virally Infected Cells CD8 cells, also known as cytotoxic T cells, play a crucial role in the immune response by targeting and destroying cells that have been infected by viruses. They are equipped to identify and eliminate these compromised cells, thereby helping to contain and prevent the spread of viral infections. **CD8 cells attack virally infected cells, usually killing them using what method?** 1. **Complement activation** 2. **Apoptosis** 3. **Phagocytosis** 4. **Senescence** **Explanation:** - **Complement activation**: This is a system of plasma proteins that can be activated directly by pathogens or indirectly by pathogen-bound antibody, leading to a cascade of reactions that help to destroy pathogens. However, this is not the primary method used by CD8 cells to kill virally infected cells. - **Apoptosis**: This is a form of programmed cell death that is often induced by CD8 cells in their targets. CD8 cells release cytotoxins such as perforin and granzymes, which initiate apoptotic pathways in virally infected cells, leading to their systematic destruction. This is the correct mechanism used by CD8 cells to kill virally infected cells. - **Phagocytosis**: This is the process where cells (like macrophages) engulf and digest cellular debris and pathogens. CD8 cells do not typically use this mechanism to kill virally infected cells. - **Senescence**: This refers to the process where cells cease to divide and grow, often in response to stress or damage. This is not a killing mechanism utilized by CD8 cells. The correct answer is **2) Apoptosis**. CD8 cells kill virally infected cells primarily by inducing apoptosis, ensuring the rapid and efficient removal of these compromised cells from the body.
Transcribed Image Text:### Immune Response Mechanisms #### CD8 Cells Attack Virally Infected Cells CD8 cells, also known as cytotoxic T cells, play a crucial role in the immune response by targeting and destroying cells that have been infected by viruses. They are equipped to identify and eliminate these compromised cells, thereby helping to contain and prevent the spread of viral infections. **CD8 cells attack virally infected cells, usually killing them using what method?** 1. **Complement activation** 2. **Apoptosis** 3. **Phagocytosis** 4. **Senescence** **Explanation:** - **Complement activation**: This is a system of plasma proteins that can be activated directly by pathogens or indirectly by pathogen-bound antibody, leading to a cascade of reactions that help to destroy pathogens. However, this is not the primary method used by CD8 cells to kill virally infected cells. - **Apoptosis**: This is a form of programmed cell death that is often induced by CD8 cells in their targets. CD8 cells release cytotoxins such as perforin and granzymes, which initiate apoptotic pathways in virally infected cells, leading to their systematic destruction. This is the correct mechanism used by CD8 cells to kill virally infected cells. - **Phagocytosis**: This is the process where cells (like macrophages) engulf and digest cellular debris and pathogens. CD8 cells do not typically use this mechanism to kill virally infected cells. - **Senescence**: This refers to the process where cells cease to divide and grow, often in response to stress or damage. This is not a killing mechanism utilized by CD8 cells. The correct answer is **2) Apoptosis**. CD8 cells kill virally infected cells primarily by inducing apoptosis, ensuring the rapid and efficient removal of these compromised cells from the body.
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