Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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What is the major products of the reactions below
![### Organic Chemistry Reactions: Alkynes
This page discusses three reactions involving alkynes:
1. **Hydration of an Alkyne with Mercury(II) Sulfate**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl acetylene} \stackrel{\text{HgSO}_4, \text{H}_2\text{O}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Intermediate} \stackrel{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4}{\longrightarrow} \text{Product}
\]
- **Explanation:**
The first reaction depicts the hydration of a terminal alkyne, cyclohexyl acetylene, using mercury(II) sulfate (HgSO₄) in water. This reaction proceeds through an enol intermediate that tautomerizes to form a ketone.
2. **Hydrogenation of an Alkyne to Alkane**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl ethyne} \stackrel{\text{H}_2 \text{(excess)}, \text{Pd/C}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Cyclohexyl ethane}
\]
- **Explanation:**
In the second reaction, cyclohexyl ethyne undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of excess hydrogen gas (H₂) and a palladium catalyst on carbon (Pd/C), resulting in the fully saturated alkane, cyclohexyl ethane. This reaction converts the alkyne completely into an alkane.
3. **Hydroboration-Oxidation of an Alkyne**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl ethyne} \stackrel{\text{i. BH}_3/\text{THF}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Intermediate} \stackrel{\text{ii. NaOH, H}_2\text{O}_2, \text{H}_2\text{O}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Cyclohexyl Aldehyde}
\]
- **Explanation:**
In the third reaction, cyclohexyl ethyne undergoes hydroboration using borane-tetrahydrofuran (BH₃/THF), followed by oxidation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in water. This](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1d8ed002-44e1-45d2-a470-631163233c5c%2F50c99a69-a60c-4b7b-8049-0563db168fa3%2F3vsixj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Organic Chemistry Reactions: Alkynes
This page discusses three reactions involving alkynes:
1. **Hydration of an Alkyne with Mercury(II) Sulfate**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl acetylene} \stackrel{\text{HgSO}_4, \text{H}_2\text{O}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Intermediate} \stackrel{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4}{\longrightarrow} \text{Product}
\]
- **Explanation:**
The first reaction depicts the hydration of a terminal alkyne, cyclohexyl acetylene, using mercury(II) sulfate (HgSO₄) in water. This reaction proceeds through an enol intermediate that tautomerizes to form a ketone.
2. **Hydrogenation of an Alkyne to Alkane**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl ethyne} \stackrel{\text{H}_2 \text{(excess)}, \text{Pd/C}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Cyclohexyl ethane}
\]
- **Explanation:**
In the second reaction, cyclohexyl ethyne undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of excess hydrogen gas (H₂) and a palladium catalyst on carbon (Pd/C), resulting in the fully saturated alkane, cyclohexyl ethane. This reaction converts the alkyne completely into an alkane.
3. **Hydroboration-Oxidation of an Alkyne**
- **Reaction:**
\[
\text{Cyclohexyl ethyne} \stackrel{\text{i. BH}_3/\text{THF}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Intermediate} \stackrel{\text{ii. NaOH, H}_2\text{O}_2, \text{H}_2\text{O}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Cyclohexyl Aldehyde}
\]
- **Explanation:**
In the third reaction, cyclohexyl ethyne undergoes hydroboration using borane-tetrahydrofuran (BH₃/THF), followed by oxidation with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in water. This
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