Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.
Glucogenesis
Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,
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![15.30) Match each of the following descriptions with the appropriate catabolic processes.
Descriptions:
a) Carbohydrates are hydrolyzed to monosaccharides. Triglycerides are "partially"
hydrolyzed to fatty acid salts and monoglyceride. Proteins are hydrolyzed to amino
acids. Digestion
b) A quaternary ammonium group (-NH3+) is removed from glutamic acid, thereby
producing ammonium (NH4+) and a-ketoglutarate. Oxidative Deamination
c) Glycogen is converted to glucose. Glycogenolysis
d) A spiral metabolic pathway in which fatty acids are converted to acetyl-CoA,
NADH and FADH₂. B-oxidation
e) Triglycerides that are stored primarily in adipose (fat) cells and muscle cells are
broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. Lypolysis
f) A linear metabolic pathway in which glucose is converted into two pyruvate ions.
Glycolysis
g) A circular metabolic pathway in which acetyl-CoA is metabolized to produce ATP,
NADH, and FADH₂, Citric Acid Cycle
Catabolic Processes Choices:
Glycolysis
Glycogenolysis
Digestion
Oxidative Deamination
Citric Acid Cycle
B-oxidation
Lypolysis](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F0849cb01-1dfd-4aef-acdc-7630fbf2d793%2Fa0843726-fe23-4e9c-8260-01e9af8fb26e%2Fxkqx80f_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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