. the position that distinguishes between DNA and RNA is 2. the carbon that the phosphate group is attached to is 3. the carbon that the base is attached to is 4. the nucleotide in a growing strand would be attached to

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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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1. the position that distinguishes between DNA and RNA is

2. the carbon that the phosphate group is attached to is

3. the carbon that the base is attached to is

4. the nucleotide in a growing strand would be attached to

The image depicts a structural diagram of a chemical compound with a five-membered ring. The components are labeled as follows:

- **a**: An oxygen atom, likely representing part of a functional group such as an ether or a cyclic compound.
- **b**, **c**, **d**, **e**, **f**: These labels are associated with carbon atoms or groups connected to the main ring.

The structure resembles a furan ring, which includes an oxygen atom and four carbon atoms forming a pentagonal shape. The lines extending from **b**, **e**, and **f** suggest additional chemical groups or atoms connected to the ring. This type of structure is common in organic chemistry, particularly in the study of heterocyclic compounds.
Transcribed Image Text:The image depicts a structural diagram of a chemical compound with a five-membered ring. The components are labeled as follows: - **a**: An oxygen atom, likely representing part of a functional group such as an ether or a cyclic compound. - **b**, **c**, **d**, **e**, **f**: These labels are associated with carbon atoms or groups connected to the main ring. The structure resembles a furan ring, which includes an oxygen atom and four carbon atoms forming a pentagonal shape. The lines extending from **b**, **e**, and **f** suggest additional chemical groups or atoms connected to the ring. This type of structure is common in organic chemistry, particularly in the study of heterocyclic compounds.
Expert Solution
Step 1

1. The position that distinguishes between DNA and RNA is

  • A sugar called ribose is found in RNA, whereas the slightly different molecule deoxyribose (a kind of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom) is found in DNA. Additionally, uracil is found in RNA, whereas thymine is found in DNA. These two distinctions allow us to identify DNA from RNA.
  • DNA is a more stable molecule than RNA due to its deoxyribose sugar, which has one less hydroxyl group carrying oxygen, making it advantageous for a molecule that has the duty of protecting genetic material. Because it has a ribose sugar, RNA is more reactive than DNA and unstable in an alkaline environment.
  • While RNA is single stranded, DNA typically consists of two distinct strands linked together.
  • SIZE
    RNA has hundreds of nucleotides compared to millions for DNA, making DNA significantly larger than RNA.
  • Structure of sugar
    Deoxyribonucleic acid, as DNA is known, is a deoxyribose sugar. Ribose sugar exists in RNA.
  • LOCATION
    While some DNA is found in the mitochondria, most DNA is found in the nucleus. The cytoplasm, ribosomes, and occasionally the nucleus all contain RNA.
  • NATURAL RESOURCES
    Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA. The nitrogenous bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil are also found in RNA.
  • Replication and expansion
    RNA is created from DNA, whereas DNA replicates itself.
  • GEOMETRY
    DNA helix geometry is correct.

 

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Thank you for explaining! Can you please write which letter would be the answer for each question? (a,b,c,d,e,f are the options as seen on the picture.)

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