Can you help me out with these questions, please. 1. The voltage range across the membrane caused by an action potential is A. -50mV and +80mV B. -70 mV and +100 mV C. -70 mV and -50 mV D. -70 mV and +30 mV 2. The diaphram is controlled by the phrenic nerve which extends from the thorasic plexus a. Yes b. No 3. A common neurotransmitter widespred in the CNS and PNS which is the best kown and most studied is A. Acetylcholine (ACh) B. GABA C. Serotonin D. Norepinephrine (NE)
Can you help me out with these questions, please.
1. The voltage range across the membrane caused by an action potential is
| A. |
-50mV and +80mV |
|
| B. |
-70 mV and +100 mV |
|
| C. |
-70 mV and -50 mV |
|
| D. |
-70 mV and +30 mV |
2. The diaphram is controlled by the phrenic nerve which extends from the thorasic plexus
a. Yes
b. No
3. A common neurotransmitter widespred in the CNS and PNS which is the best kown and most studied is
| A. |
Acetylcholine (ACh) |
|
| B. |
GABA |
|
| C. |
Serotonin |
|
| D. |
Norepinephrine (NE) |
Step 1: Introduction:
An action potential is defined as a sudden, fast, transitory, and propagating change of the resting membrane potential. Only neurons and muscle cells are capable of generating an action potential; that property is called the excitability.
Step 2: Options:
The membrane potential starts out at approximately −70 mV at time zero. A stimulus is applied at time = 1 ms, which raises the membrane potential above −55 mV (the threshold potential). After the stimulus is applied, the membrane potential rapidly rises to a peak potential of +30 mV - 40 mV at time = 2 ms. Hence the option D is correct.
Step 3: Answer:
Option D is the correct answer.
Step 1: Introduction:
The diaphragm is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and separates the abdomen from the chest. It contracts and flattens during inhalation. This creates a vacuum effect that pulls air into the lungs. During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and the air is pushed out of the lungs.
Step 2: Answer:
The phrenic nerve is a mixed motor/sensory nerve which originates from the C3-C5 spinal nerves in the neck and extends from the thoracic plexus. The nerve is important for breathing because it provides exclusive motor control of the diaphragm, the primary muscle of respiration. Hence the option ‘yes’ is the correct answer.
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