Br 1. Mg, ether 2. CO₂ 3. H₂O* omatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4 Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H KMnO4 eactions idic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CNR- CN H₂O* heat IH. reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)
Br 1. Mg, ether 2. CO₂ 3. H₂O* omatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4 Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H KMnO4 eactions idic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CNR- CN H₂O* heat IH. reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:Ch 20. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
Preparation of carboxylic acid
- Primary alcohol: to carboxylic acid by strong oxidation reagents such as CrO3
(Secondary alcohol: oxidized to ketone)
- Carboxylation of Grignard Reagents (with CO₂)
R-MgBr + O=C=O → RCO₂H
Br
1. Mg, ether
2. CO₂
3. H₂O*
- Aromatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4
Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H
KMnO4
Nitriles reactions
- Acidic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CN → R-CO₂H
CN H₂0*
heat
- LiAlH4 reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)
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