Both the gustatory and olfactory system allow for the perception and identification of different chemical cues from the environment. Summarize the difference between these two systems with respect to coding. In other words, how does the neuronal activity of these systems provide a code that allows distinct chemicals to be represented?

Both the gustatory and olfactory system allow for the perception and identification of different chemical cues from the environment. Summarize the difference between these two systems with respect to coding. In other words, how does the neuronal activity of these systems provide a code that allows distinct chemicals to be represented?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter6: The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RE

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: An example of a sensory neuron is one that leads from a pain receptor in the finger to the spinal…

A: Pain is one of the parameters that is perceived by our brain and spinal cord for the prevention of…

Q: Sensory receptor cells transduce physical or chemical stimuli: a) by limiting action potentials b)…

A: Answer is Option (e) into a change in the membrane potential of the sensory receptor cells

Q: You recently read about Justin Bieber's unfortunate run-ins with glass doors and walls. Since then,…

A: Nerve cells, or Neuron are responsible for signal transduction thus sending and receiving signals…

Q: what is the difference between tasters and non-tasters? What is the proposed cause(s) for this…

A: The difference between tasters and non-tasters lies in their ability to perceive certain tastes,…

Q: Receptors such as those in the inner ear, respond to stimulation with an AM response. In contrast, a…

A: Sensory receptors are specialized cells or structures in the body that detect and respond to…

Q: A turkey ordorant molecule comes in contact with the pie ordorant receptor. Would this have an…

A: The receptors involved in sense of smell are present in the olfactory epithelium of the nose.

Q: What is meant by visual acuity? How does the eye adjust to facilitate this? Specifically, how do…

Q: Using the ideas of the place theory of pitch and the tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex,…

A: Tonotopic maps are a specific case of geography organization, almost like retinotopy within the…

Q: channels. Sound waves are most likely to open O a) ligand gated O b) mechanosensitive c) ion gated

A: Our cells are the structural and functional unit of life. To maintain the functions of the cells,…

Q: define visual feedback and provide a description of the principle.

A: Modification or regulation by outcomes or effects of a process or system, e.g. in a biochemical…

Q: Human color vision is "produced" by the nervous system based on how three different cone receptors…

A: Light, as tides transmit energy, includes energy by distinct wavelength. In the illusion, light is…

Q: Single cell recordings in the dorsal stream (parietal areas) tell us about the mechanisms involved…

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. They help in transmission of signals and nerve…

Q: ch statement is true about classifications of senses? A general sense has a specific sense organ to…

A: Senses refer to the physiological mechanisms through which living organisms perceive and interpret…

Q: Define accommodation (aka adaptation) of receptors and give two examples of such.

A: Humans contain five primary senses. They are sound, smell, touch, sight and taste. Sensory…

Q: touch the skin with two points of a caliper 13 mm apart, and the subject is able to perceive both…

A: The skin is composed of several surface receptive fields and primary sensory neurons that respond to…

Concept explainers

Anatomy and Physiology of Special Sensory Organs

Sensory organs can be labeled as special sensory structures that permit sight, hearing, odor, and flavor. Sensory structures permitting proprioception, touch, thermal, and pain perception can be classified as more advanced sensory organs. The sensory neurons are trained to find out modifications in the external and internal conditions so that a person's body can react to that change. A stimulus is the first signal that is recognized by any sensory receptor of the body. Stimulus is an impulse generated when there is a change in the surroundings of a person. For example, a heated environment will alert the brain through the thermal sensory organs and generate a reflex accordingly.

Sensory Receptors

The human sensory system is one of the most complex and highly evolved structures, which processes a myriad of incoming messages. This well-coordinated system helps an organism or individual to respond to external stimuli, appropriately. The sensory receptors are an important part of the sensory system. These receptors are specialized epidermal cells that respond to external environmental stimuli. These receptors consist of structural and support cells that form the peripheral unit of the receptor and the neural dendrites which receive and detect the external stimuli.

Question

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Many odorant molecules are highly hydrophobic and concentrate within the olfactory epithelium. They would give a persistent signal independent of their concentration in the environment if they were not rapidly modified. Propose a mechanism for converting hydrophobic odorants into watersoluble derivatives that can be rapidly eliminated.
Electronic pest control is the name given to several types of electrically powered devices designed to repel pests, such as insects. Ultrasonic devices have shown promise in repelling insect pest species. They emit short wavelength, high-frequency sound waves that can be detected by insects but are too high-pitched to be detected by humans. The following table shows the maximum end of the hearing range of frequencies detectable by various organisms (Table 1). To investigate the effectiveness of ultrasonic devices in dispersing pest insects, scientists collected data from two different regions. Region 1: a rural crop-growing region where insecticides are applied for crop protection Region 2: a protected nature reserve that is managed for conservation and researchScientists measured the population density of insects in both regions before and after activating two different kinds of ultrasonic devices. The first ultrasonic device emitted sound at a frequency of 40 kHz and the second…
Give the meaning of the statement, “The idea that all sense organs behave as biological transducers is a unifying concept in sensory physiology.”
A turkey ordorant molecule comes in contact with the pie ordorant receptor. Would this have an effect on the nerve stimulus being sent from this olfactory cell? Which G protein is activated in this pathway?
The senses of smell and taste both respond to exposure to chemicals. In what ways are the molecules and biochemistry underlying the perceptions of smell and taste similar to one another? In what ways are they different?
From a biological perspective, how does our sense of smell work? Discuss the concept that our sense of smell is directly connected to the brain. Include a relevant example. Please include references.
Distinguish between static and dynamic equilibrium. The sense of equilibrium (balance) is really two senses— static equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium—that come from different sensory organs. The organs of static equilibrium (stat′ik e″kwı˘-lib′re-um) sense the position of the head, maintaining balance, stability and posture when the head and body are still. When the head and body suddenly move or rotate, the organs of dynamic equilibrium (di-nam′ik e″kwı˘- lib′re-um) detect such motion and aid in maintaining balance.
Note : — don't copy in google or bartleby. Plagarize checker will be used. QUESTION : — How do cells communicate ? — Cite and example of a chemical substance that could disrupt the message that it conveys. Explain how it fools receptors.
Human color vision is "produced" by the nervous system based on how three different cone receptors interact with photons oflight in the eye. These three different types of cones interact with photons of different frequency light, as indicated in the following chart:
Five different types of taste receptors have been identified in humans. These are salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Taste receptors consist of specific types of proteins incorporated into the plasma membrane of taste receptor cells, which are clustered together in structures called taste buds. All five receptor types are present in each taste bud, which are distributed over most of the tongue surface area. Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal cavity and consist of several thousand different types, each type specific for a different odorant molecule (ligand). You may need to research this on the internet. Be sure to site your sources. If you plug your nose, red wine and coffee taste exactly the same.
Five different types of taste receptors have been identified in humans. These are salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Taste receptors consist of specific types of proteins incorporated into the plasma membrane of taste receptor cells, which are clustered together in structures called taste buds. All five receptor types are present in each taste bud, which are distributed over most of the tongue surface area. Olfactory receptors are located in the nasal cavity and consist of several thousand different types, each type specific for a different odorant molecule (ligand). If you plug your nose, red wine and coffee taste exactly the same. Explain why this is so.
A specific pattern of activation is observed in the right hemisphere piriform cortex in response to a specific smell. Which of the following choices must be true? Group of answer choices a - The pattern of activation across the glomeruli in the left olfactory bulb mirrors the pattern of activation observed in the right hemisphere piriform cortex. b - The activity in the right hemisphere piriform cortex was independent of the number of odorant molecules that entered the olfactory epithelium. c - The odorant molecules that made up the smell were of different shapes and therefore activated different receptors in the right nostril, creating a unique pattern that is conserved first across the olfactory bulb, then along the olfactory tract, then within the thalamus, and then finally in the right hemisphere piriform cortex. d - The activity in the right hemisphere piriform was initiated by the binding of odorant molecules to G-protein coupled receptors in the right nostril.