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Define accommodation (aka adaptation) of receptors and give two examples of such.
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- Describe the general process of transduction in a receptor that is a cell separate from the afferent neuron. Include in your description the following terms: specificity, stimulus, receptor potential?Give the meaning of the statement, “The idea that all sense organs behave as biological transducers is a unifying concept in sensory physiology.”Explain briefly the signal transduction for the following senses: i. Hearing. ii. Vision.
- outline three ways of classifying receptors.Describe how receptor adaptation works.In the process of sensory coding Recruitment of additional neurons occurs with a weak stimulus in order to make the stimulus stronger. The larger the receptive field of a sensory receptor, the greater the expected acuity and the more accurate the two-point discrimination. Lateral inhibition of neighboring receptors resulting in a relative reduction of action potentials in the neighboring second order neurons would be expected to increase acuity. A receptor potential that remains suprathreshold into the absolute refractory period will result in additional action potentials.
- a) Based upon how the neural membrane functions, briefly explain how electrical stimulation can cause a neuron to generate an action potential. Describe in one sentence a type of action potential that can be generated by electrical stimulation, but that cannot be generated by synaptic inputs. b) The central part of the retina consists largely of cones, which are responsible for colour vision in normal sight. However, presently available retinal prostheses are not able to reliably provide a perception of colour for people implanted with these devices. Explain why people with a retinal prosthesis are currently unable to reliably perceive colour.Not every sensory signal results in conscious awareness ofa stimulus. ExplainIdentify and describe the three criteria used to classify receptors.
- Differentiate between the function of rapidly adapting and slowlyadapting receptors?Describe each of the following types of receptors, indicating what sensation it detects and giving an example of where it can be found in the body: pain receptors (nociceptors), temperature receptors,mechanoreceptors (including proprioceptors and barorceptors/pressoreceptors), chemoreceptors, and photoreceptors.Describe the flow of generation of receptor potential when sensory receptors detected stimuli.