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Calculate glucose concentration. Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active transport. Na transport (which drive glucose import) G=R*T*In(Na in/ Na out)+Z*F*Y(psi symbol) Na in=14mM Na out=145MM Z=+1 F=96.5 KJ/V*mol Y(psi)=-0.05V What is the glucose in and out concentration? Please be very through when explaining this calculation. (I am stuck at why the energy sign changes from negative to positive when using the calculated energy from sodium to glucose)

Calculate glucose concentration. Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active transport. Na transport (which drive glucose import) G=R*T*In(Na in/ Na out)+Z*F*Y(psi symbol) Na in=14mM Na out=145MM Z=+1 F=96.5 KJ/V*mol Y(psi)=-0.05V What is the glucose in and out concentration? Please be very through when explaining this calculation. (I am stuck at why the energy sign changes from negative to positive when using the calculated energy from sodium to glucose)

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Calculate glucose concentration. Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active transport. Na transport (which drive glucose import) G=R*T*In(Na in/ Na out)+Z*F*Y(psi symbol) Na in=14mM Na out=145MM Z=+1 F=96.5 KJ/V*mol Y(psi)=-0.05V What is the glucose in and out concentration? Please be very through when explaining this calculation. (I am stuck at why the energy sign changes from negative to positive when using the calculated energy from sodium to glucose)
Transcribed Image Text:Calculate glucose concentration. Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active transport. Na transport (which drive glucose import) G=R*T*In(Na in/ Na out)+Z*F*Y(psi symbol) Na in=14mM Na out=145MM Z=+1 F=96.5 KJ/V*mol Y(psi)=-0.05V What is the glucose in and out concentration? Please be very through when explaining this calculation. (I am stuck at why the energy sign changes from negative to positive when using the calculated energy from sodium to glucose)
Expert Solution
Step 1

Gibbs free energy:

The change in free energy for a process equals the maximum work that can be done by the system on the surroundings in a spontaneous process that occur at constant temperature and pressure. 

∆G = Vmax

The sign of ∆G will depend on the symbol of ∆H and ∆S.

In some cases, the temperature will result in the spontaneity of a reaction. 

∆G = ∆H-T∆S

For a system at equilibrium, ∆G=0, Q=K∆G0 =-RTlnK

The standard free energy for the reaction is directly related to the equilibrium constant for the reaction. 

 

 

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