Before the Civil War, some Native American tribes were able to avoid removal because: a) the land they occupied was too far north to be suitable for European-style farming. b) they purchased land for themselves to own privately and formed alliances with white Christian missionaries who opposed removal. c) some groups in the West had grown too powerful to remove because of their military prowess and political flexibility. d) all of the above.

Before the Civil War, some Native American tribes were able to avoid removal because: a) the land they occupied was too far north to be suitable for European-style farming. b) they purchased land for themselves to own privately and formed alliances with white Christian missionaries who opposed removal. c) some groups in the West had grown too powerful to remove because of their military prowess and political flexibility. d) all of the above.