Based on the transition matrix and associated diagram below: This year A_B_C_D 0.2 0 50 B 0.7 0 0 0 C 0 0.1 0.5 D Next Year A 1000 0.03 0 0 0.4 0.9 A 0.7 0.2 B 0.1 50 0.4 C ZD 0.03 0.5 1000 Which stage (A-D) in the model has the highest reproduction? Assume each transition is only either reproduction or survival (and not both). 0.9

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Population Growth

R and K Selection

R and K selection are concepts in ecology used to describe traits in the fluctuation of a population or population dynamics. For example, they describe the life-association traits between parent and offspring, such as quantity or number of young ones born at a time, quality of parental care, the age to maturity, and reproductive effort.