Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is most closely related to humans? 2. Do any of the organisms have the same number of differences from human Cytochrome C? In situations like this, how would you decide which is more closely related to humans? 3. Charles Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species in 1859. Of the different types of evidence that you have examined, which do you think he relied upon the most, and why?
Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is most closely related to humans? 2. Do any of the organisms have the same number of differences from human Cytochrome C? In situations like this, how would you decide which is more closely related to humans? 3. Charles Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species in 1859. Of the different types of evidence that you have examined, which do you think he relied upon the most, and why?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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1. Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is most closely related to humans?
2. Do any of the organisms have the same number of differences from human Cytochrome C? In situations
like this, how would you decide which is more closely related to humans?
3. Charles Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species in 1859. Of the different types of evidence that
you have examined, which do you think he relied upon the most, and why?
Transcribed Image Text:Molecular Biology
Cytochrome c is a protein found in mitochondria. It is used in the study of evolutionary relationships because
most animals have this protein. Cytochrome c is made of 104 amino acids joined together.
Below is a list of the amino acids in part of a cytochrome protein molecule for 9 different animals. Any
sequences exactly the same for all animals have been skipped.
For each non-human animal, take a highlighter and mark any amino acids that are different than the human
sequence. When you finish, record how many differences you found in the table on the next page.
57
42 43 44 46 47 49 50 53 54 55 56
T A K N K G
Human
Q A
Р
|
Chicken Q
A
T D K N K
G
I
Horse
Q
A Р
K
K
G I
Tuna
Q
A
K
G
I
Frog
Q
A
K
G
I
Shark
Q A Q
K
G
I
Turtle
Q
A
G
I
Monkey Q
N
K
G
I
Rabbit
N K G I
100 101 102 103 104
Human
Chicken
Horse
Tuna
Frog
Shark
Turtle
Monkey
Rabbit
awaWAOEPV
FEEK
AA
TITITITIK
А
GOGG
Y
F
F
F
F
F
FYF
SSSSSSSSS
JEEEZEOEEw
OOEwwwwoo
FF
FFFFFFF
D
T
T
T
T
Q A V
58 60
I
G
T
G
T K
V N N
T
T Q Q
T
T L
T
D T L
T
EDT
L
Animal Number of Amino Acid
Differences Compared to
Human Cytochrome C
Horse
5
Chicken 7
Tuna 11
Frog
9
T
T
T
61
62 63
EDT
T
T
T
T
T L
64
L
L
L
لالالالالالالا
||ΣΣ|Σα Σια|ΣΣΣ
OOOO EAD
D
L
D
D
D
65
M
M
M
L R
M
R
M
M
M
XXX
K
K
K
66
ZSZSZZZ
I
N
N
SEEEEE
XXXSXOXX
EEE
N
K
D
K
K
K
D
K
XXX
K
K
K
K
XX
AAAAAAAA
STTTTUATFF
Т
Т
Т
Т
с
А
Т
Т
ÖzSzSSASZ Z
SEKEKSKEE
N
N
А
N
K
Т
Animal Number of Amino Acid
Differences Compared to
Human Cytochrome C
Shark
14
Turtle
8
Monkey 1
Rabbit 4
N
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