b. You have found two mutant alleles of Gene A that have insertion of the three base pairs (as shown in the box on the right) immediately after the C/G base pair at positions, 100 or 150. Complete the table below for each of the following mutations. i. Effect on the length of mRNA (longer than/ shorter than/ same as the mRNA produced by the wild-type allele of Gene A). Explain briefly. ii. Effect on the length of protein (longer than/ shorter than/ same as the protein produced by the wild-type allele of Gene A). Explain briefly. iii. Does this mutation affect the reading frame? Why/why not iv. If the protein is produced, will it be functional? Explain briefly. U C A U bu sai si CSAneo yd be Аons ebias onima G UUU Phe (F) UCU Ser (S) UAU TYCY "1 "1 UUC UCC UUA Leu (L) UUG CUA CUG "1 "1 AUU Ile (I) 11 AUC CUU Leu (L) CCU Pro (P) CAU His (H) "1 11 " CUC CCC CAC CAA Gln (Q) 11 CAG AUA AUG Met (M) GUU Val (V) 11 GUC GUA GUG 11 Positions of insertions of the above three base pairs After 100th base pair After 150th base pair 11 UCA UCG 18 CCA CCG 11 11 11 ACU Thr (T) AAU Asn (N) 11 ACC AAC " ACA ACG "1 11 UAA Stop UAG Stop "1 11 AAA Lys (K) "1 AAG GCU Ala (A) GAU Asp (D) 11 11 GCC GAC GCA GAA Glu (E) "1 GCG GAG Cys (C) UGA Stop UGG Trp (W) CGU Arg (R) 11 CGC CGA CGG 5' CGA 3' 3' GCT 5' "1 11 AGU Ser (S) 11 AGC AGA Arg (R) AGG GGU Gly (G) 18 GGC GGA GGG "1 11
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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