Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
6,7

Transcribed Image Text:7:55
Done Substitution Work She...
Weak Nucleophile/Weak Base
(ROH,H,O,RCOOH)
Sw1, E1 Product mixture
3.
5.
Methyl > 1'>21
6.
SN2
H₂C
X
H₂C
Br
OH
OH
Strong Nucleophile/Weak Base Strong Nucleophile/Strong Base
CN, N, Cr, Br, I, HS, HIS, RSH,
HO-, RO-
RNH₂, R₂P
S2 Product Only
Polar Protic Solvents Favor S1: Water (HO), formic acid (CH-0₂), hydrogen fluoride (HF), ethanol (C,H,OH), ammonia (NH), methanol (CH,OH),
acetic acid (CHCOOH).
Polar Aprotic Solvents favor S2: (HC-(C=O)-CH), Ethyl acetate, DMSO, dimethyl sulphoxide ((CH):S=O), DMF, N,N-dimethylformamide
(CHNO), HMF (hydroxymethylfurfural), Oxolane/tetrahydrofuran (THF), crown ethers, and acetonitrile (CH,CIN)
+8%
CH₂CH₂CH₂
K® N,
DMSO
Ⓡe
Na OCH,
Substitution/Elimination Reactions
@ 0
Na OCH
Ⓡe
Na OH
SN1
H₂SO4, heat
3"> 2
S2, E2 Product Mixture
E2
3 2 1
LTE
B
Strong Bulky Base
t-BO, LDA, DBN, DBU
E2 (Hoffman) Product Only
E1
3 > 2
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