(b) Suppose we can write the partition function of N inseparable gas particles as the one-particle partition function. Show that then the chemical potential of the particles is μ=-kBT ln ZN = ZN/N! Z₁ N " where Z₁ is
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- Show that at high enough temperatures (where KBT » ħw) the partition function of a simple quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator is approximately Z≈ (Bħw)-¹ Then use the partition function to calculate the high temperature expressions for the internal energy U, the heat capacity Cy, the Helmholtz function F and the entropy S.The value of a partition function roughly represents the maximum energy of the states at a given temperature. O True FalseOne-dimensional harmonic oscillators in equilibrium with a heat bath (a) Calculate the specific heat of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator as a function of temperature (b) Plot the T -dependence of the mean energy per particle E/N and the specific heat c. Show that E/N → kT at high temperatures for which kT > hw In this limit the energy kT is large in comparison to hw , the separation between energy levels. Hint: expand the exponential function 1 ē = ħw + eBhw
- For a system of particles at room temperature (300K), what value must & be before the Fermi-Dirac, Bose-Einstein, and Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions agree within 0.1% ? Justify your answer.Model the effective potential seen by the least bound proton in the nucleus as a square well with depth Bn inside the nuclear radius R, plus a repulsive Coulomb potential from a uniform charge distribution of the other protons inside the nucleus. Estimate Br for 209 Bi (mass number A = 209 and atomic number Z = 83), the largest stable isotope. How is Bn related to the depth of the nuclear potential Vo? Hint: The electrostatic potential a distance r from the center of a uniformly charged sphere of radius R and total charge Q is given by: for r < R. Q V = (3R² — r²) 8πTEOR³