autonomic nervous system.
How is digestion regulated?
a. Digestion is regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
b. Digestion is slowed by the parasympathetic nervous system.
c. Digestion is increased by the sympathetic nervous system.
d. Digestion is stimulated by the parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve.
e. Sympathetic neurons cause blood to be diverted from digestive organs.
Gastrointestinal motility and secretion of enzymes are carefully regulated to maximize the digestion and absorption of ingested food. There are four factors that are involved in regulating functions of digestive system.
Autonomous smooth muscle function that include Self induced rhythmic digestive contractile activities mainly consisting of peristalsis in stomach, segmentation in the small intestine, and haustral contractions in the large intestine.
Intrinsic nerve plexus includes the myenteric plexus and the submucosal plexus within the submucosa. Collectively, these neurons constitute the enteric nervous system. The myenteric plexus is concerned with motor control, whereas the submucosa plexus is primarily involved in the control of intestinal secretion.
Extrinsic nerves are the nerve fibers from both the branches of the autonomic nervous system that originate outside the digestive tract and innervate the various digestive organs. The autonomic nerves influences digestive tract motility and secretion either by modifying ongoing activity in the intrinsic plexus and by acting directly on the smooth muscle and glands.
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