At solar maximum sunspots might cover up to 0.4% of the total area of the Sun. If the sunspots have a temperature of 3800 K and the surrounding photosphere has a tempera- ture of 6000 K, calculate the fractional change (as a percentage) in the luminosity due to the presence of the sunspots.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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a) At solar maximum sunspots might cover up to 0.4% of the total area of the Sun. If the
sunspots have a temperature of 3800 K and the surrounding photosphere has a tempera-
ture of 6000 K, calculate the fractional change (as a percentage) in the luminosity due to
the presence of the sunspots.
b) A star of the same stellar class as the Sun is observed regularly over many years, and a
time series of its bolometric apparent magnitude is collected.
What would be the signal in this time series which indicated that the star had a magnetic
dynamo similar to the Sun?
Briefly describe two or three possible sources of other signals which could confuse the
interpretation of the data.
Transcribed Image Text:a) At solar maximum sunspots might cover up to 0.4% of the total area of the Sun. If the sunspots have a temperature of 3800 K and the surrounding photosphere has a tempera- ture of 6000 K, calculate the fractional change (as a percentage) in the luminosity due to the presence of the sunspots. b) A star of the same stellar class as the Sun is observed regularly over many years, and a time series of its bolometric apparent magnitude is collected. What would be the signal in this time series which indicated that the star had a magnetic dynamo similar to the Sun? Briefly describe two or three possible sources of other signals which could confuse the interpretation of the data.
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