At rest, a neuron has a lower concentration of sodium than the surrounding fluid. The neuron also has ahigher concentration of potassium inside the cell. The sodium-potassium ion pump is used to maintainthe neuron in the resting state. Which of the following statements is true?O A. Remaining at rest requires the use of ATP.O B. Remaining at rest requires an input of sodium.O C. Remaining at rest requires the activation of cotransporters.O D. Remaining at rest requires decreased permeability of the membrane.eredMacBook Air吕0F3D00F4F1F2F5F6E7$%&45623 3

Sodium- Potassium pump The sodium - potassium pump involves protein called the sodium- potassium ATPase, which maintains the gradients of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane. If the Na- K pump shuts down then the Na and K concentration and membrane potential will dissipate. This pump provides a way to actively transport Na and K against their concentration gradients.Explanation of correct option Option A The energy to move to the Na+ and K+ against the concentration gradient requires the ATP hydrolysis. The ATP molecules split up in to ADP and inorganic phosphate, through which energy is generated. When a molecule of ATP breaks down, 3Na+ ions are moved from the inside to the outside of the cell and 2K+ ions move from outside to inside of the cell. This movement of ions across the cell membrane maintains the resting potential of the membrane.Explanation of incorrect options Option b For maintaining the resting potential sodium ions needs to be moved out of the cell not inside. In resting state, concentration of Na+ ions is comparatively low than the extracellular concentration, which needs to be maintained. Option c Na+ and K+ pump does not involve co-transporters as each ion is transported against its concentration gradient. In co-transporters, either ion transported down its gradient. Option d In the resting state, the cell is negatively charge which is created by the cell membrane being permeable to K+ ion movement. The permeability of the cell is increased to move K+ ions to move inside the cell.