At December 31 Assets Cash Accounts receivable, net Merchandise inventory Prepaid expenses Plant assets, net Total assets Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable Long-term notes payable Common stock, $10 par value Retained earnings Total liabilities and equity Current Year $ 26,053 77,051 95,908 8, 732 242,846 $ 450, 590 $ 113, 319 87, 252 162,500 87,519 $ 66,303 89, 341 162,500 70, 296 $ 450, 590 $ 388,440 1 Year Ago 2 Years Ago $ 31, 386 54,925 69, 706 7,994 224, 429 $388,440 Current Year $ 357, 318 181, 588 9,958 7,615 The company's income statements for the current year and one year ago, follow. 1 Year Ago For Year Ended December 31 Sales Cost of goods sold Other operating expenses Interest expense Income tax expense Total costs and expenses Net income Earnings per share $ 585, 767 $ 31,085 43, 156 556, 479 $ 29, 288 $ 1.80 46,425 3,596 199, 438 323, 700 $ 42,728 70,822 162,500 47,650 $ 323, 700 $ 300, 459 116, 948 10, 632 6,934 $ 462,244 434,973 $ 27,271 $ 1.68
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
![At December 31
Assets
Cash
Accounts receivable, net
Merchandise inventory
Prepaid expenses
Plant assets, net
Total assets
Liabilities and Equity
Accounts payable
Long-term notes payable
Common stock, $10 par value
Retained earnings
Total liabilities and equity
Cost of goods sold
Other operating expenses
Current Year
$ 26,053
77,051
95, 908
8, 732
242,846
$ 450, 590
Interest expense
Income tax expense
Total costs and expenses
Net income
Earnings per share
1 Year Ago
Current Year
$ 31, 386
54, 925
69, 706
$ 66,303
$ 113, 319
87, 252
162, 500
87, 519
89, 341
162,500
70, 296
$ 450, 590 $ 388, 440
$ 357, 318
181, 588
9,958
7,615
7,994
224, 429
388, 440
The company's income statements for the current year and one year ago, follow.
1 Year Ago
For Year Ended December 31
Sales
$ 585, 767
2 Years Ago
556, 479
S 29, 288
$ 1.80
$31, 085
43, 156
46,425
3,596
199, 438
$ 323, 700
$ 42,728
70, 822
162,500
47,650
$ 323, 700
$ 300, 459
116, 948
10, 632
6,934
$ 462,244
434,973
$ 27,271
$ 1.68](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F97b5df25-1667-438a-b46e-c2a0d1ae7c86%2F24b0529f-55d6-452b-89bb-31af2fac3cb1%2Fz5c0ryf_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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Required 3A Required 3B
Compute times interest earned for the current year and one year ago.
Current Year:
1 Year Ago:
Numerator:
Times Interest Earned
1
1
7
7
Denominator:
Required 3B
>
=
=
=
Times Interest Earned
Times interest earned
0 times
0 times](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F97b5df25-1667-438a-b46e-c2a0d1ae7c86%2F24b0529f-55d6-452b-89bb-31af2fac3cb1%2Fo54kyc_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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