Assertion (A): Any choice of an inertial frame is not acceptable in Newtonian Dynamics. Reason (R): The laws of motion are not equally valid in all such frames. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) Both A and R are false. (d) A is false but R is true.
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- We will see that Newton's laws of classical physics apply only in certain "inertial" frames of reference. As an example, consider being in an airplane on a long trans-Pacific flight. It is dark, the shades are drawn, and all of your fellow passengers are quietly asleep, watching movies, or reading. You however, being a newly trained physicist, want to do an experiment to see how fast the plane is flying. With the tools you have (no GPS!) which one of the following is true. If you toss something to a friend down the aisle, and they toss it back to you, there will be a difference in the speeds in the two directions because of the speed of the airplane. Look at the tip of the coffee's liquid surface in your cup. It tips more the faster you go. There is no experiment we can do. Drop something. It will not fall straight down because the plane is moving On a plane flat surface with "up" given as +y and "right" given as +x, we add two…1) Calculate the interval As 2 between two events with coordinates (x1 = 50 m, y1 = 0, z1 = 0, t1 = 1 us) and (x2 = 120 m, y2 = 0, z2 = 0, t2 = 1.2 µs) in an inertial frame S. 2) Now transform the coordinates of the events into the S0 frame, which is travelling at 0.6c along the x-axis in a positive direction with respect to the frame S. Hence verify that the spacetime interval is invariant.A frame B shown below in Figure 1, is rotated 90° about the z-axis, then translated 3 and 5 units relative to the n- and o-axis respectively, then rotated another 90° about the n-axis, and finally, 90° about the y-axis. Find the new location and orientation of the frame. (1,1,2) {B} F y a Figure 1 11
- Which of the following are part of the first postulate of Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity? Time and weight are relative to the motion of the observer. All the laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames of reference. Absolute motion can always be detected. a I only b II only c III only d I, II, and IIIR3B2. Alicia is a student on a passenger train moving at a constant velocity relative to the ground. She synchronizes her watch with the station clock as she passes through the town of Bannon station, and then compares her watch with the station clock as she passes through the Center town station farther down the line. The ground is an inertial frame, and the Bannon and Center clocks are synchronized in that frame. (1) Using a model or diagram, is the time she measures between the events of passing through these towns a proper time? (2) Is it a coordinate time in some inertial reference frame? (3) Is it the spacetime interval between the events?Calculate the interval ∆s2 between two events with coordinates ( x1 = 50 m, y1 = 0, z1 = 0,t1 = 1 µs) and (x2 = 120 m, y2 = 0, z2 = 0, t2 = 1.2 µs) in an inertial frame S. b) Now transform the coordinates of the events into the S'frame, which is travelling at 0.6calong the x-axis in a positive direction with respect to the frame S. Hence verify that thespacetime interval is invariant.
- Show that if a body has speed v<c in one inertial frame, then v<c in every inertial frame. Hint: use displacement 4-vector dx = (c*dt,) where is the three-dimensional displacement in time dt.Prove that there is no work done by the Coriolis pseudoforce acting on a particle moving in a rotating frame. If the Coriolis pseudoforce were the only force acting on a particle, what could you conclude about the particle’s speed in the rotating frame?Suppose there is a correction term to Newton's law of universal gravitation where the letters have their usual meaning and are given in SI units and, in particular, r is the separation distance between the two masses m1 and m2 and A is some new constant of nature. Find the units of this constant A.