When a person exercises, many body systems make movement and homeostasis possible at the same time. This loop involves providing oxygen to and removing carbon dioxide from the blood and body tissues.As we go about our daily tasks, sensory cells in the medulla oblongata (brain stem) constantly sense the concentration of carbon dioxide in our spinal fluid. The typical set point is about 1.45 ml CO₂/liter of blood. When our activity levels increase, muscles use oxygen and emit carbon dioxide faster. This causes the [CO₂] in our blood to increase. This CO₂ diffuses into the spinal fluid and travels to the medulla oblongata. When the medulla senses an increase in CO₂, it sends nerve impulses to the diaphragm, causing it to contract more deeply and more often, bringing increased oxygen to the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide at a faster rate. At the same time, impulses are sent to the heart’s pacemaker tissue, causing the heart to contract more frequently to pick up CO₂ from tissues faster to go back to the lungs and get oxygen from the lungs to the tissues faster, as well. We will continue breathing at this increased rate until the [CO₂] in our blood decreases. As the [CO₂] decreases in the blood, less will diffuse into the spinal fluid, the medulla will detect a decrease in carbon dioxide, and cease sending signals that speed the breathing and heart rates.Now, use your new knowledge to summarize the sequence of events for the diagram to show the homeostatic mechanism at work to maintain proper CO₂ and O₂ levels.### Diagram ExplanationThe flowchart demonstrates the sequence of events in the homeostatic mechanism for regulating CO₂ and O₂ levels:1. **Increase in Variable**: Represents the rise in CO₂ concentration in the blood.2. **Detection by Medulla Oblongata**: High CO₂ levels are sensed by the medulla oblongata.3. **Response Initiation**: Nerve impulses are sent by the medulla oblongata to stimulate increased activity of the heart and diaphragm.4. **Normalization**: CO₂ levels start to decrease, which causes heart and breathing rates to decrease. Once CO₂ levels reach the set point, the heart and lungs return to their normal rate.Below the flowchart, additional explanations are provided:- **Detection**: Communicates how high CO₂ levels are sensed.- **Response**: Describes **Transcription and Diagram Explanation for Educational Website**---As we go about our daily tasks, sensory cells in the medulla oblongata (brain stem) constantly sense the concentration of carbon dioxide in our spinal fluid. The typical set point is about 1.45 ml CO₂ per liter of blood. When our activity levels increase, muscles use oxygen and emit carbon dioxide faster. This causes the [CO₂] in our blood to increase. This CO₂ diffuses into the spinal fluid and travels to the medulla oblongata. When the medulla senses an increase in CO₂, it sends nerve impulses to the diaphragm, causing it to contract more deeply and more often, bringing increased oxygen to the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide at a faster rate. At the same time, impulses are sent to the heart’s pacemaker tissue, causing the heart to contract more frequently to pick up CO₂ from tissues faster to go back to the lungs and get oxygen from the lungs to the tissues faster, as well. We will continue breathing at this increased rate until the [CO₂] in our blood decreases. As the [CO₂] decreases in the blood, less will diffuse into the spinal fluid, the medulla will detect a decrease in carbon dioxide, and cease sending signals that speed the breathing and heart rates.Now, use your new knowledge to summarize the sequence of events for the diagram to show the homeostatic mechanism at work to maintain proper CO₂ and O₂ levels.**Diagram Explanation:**- **Increase in Variable**: Represents an increase in CO₂ levels in the blood due to heightened activity. **1.** The medulla oblongata senses high CO₂ levels. **2.** Nerve impulses are sent by the medulla oblongata to stimulate increased activity of the heart and diaphragm. **3.** CO₂ levels begin to decrease, and as such, heart and breathing rates start to decrease as well. **4.** CO₂ levels have reached the set point. The heart and lungs are functioning at their normal rate.This diagram illustrates the feedback loop involved in regulating CO₂ and O₂ levels in response to increased activity, demonstrating the body's ability to maintain homeostasis.

As we go about our daily tasks, sensory cells in the medulla oblongata (brain stem) constantly sense the concentration of carbon dioxide in our spinal fluid. The typical set point is about 1.45 ml CO₂/ liter of blood. When our activity levels increase, muscles use oxygen and emit carbon dioxide faster. This causes the [CO₂] in our blood to increase. This CO₂ diffuses into the spinal fluid and travels to the medulla oblongata. When the medulla senses an increase in CO2, it sends nerve impulses to the diaphragm, causing it to contract more deeply and more often, bringing increased oxygen to the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide at a faster rate. At the same time, impulses are sent to the heart's pacemaker tissue, causing the heart to contract more frequently to pick up CO₂ from tissues faster to go back to the lungs and get oxygen from the lungs to the tissues faster, as well. We will continue breathing at this increased rate until the [CO₂] in our blood decreases. As the [CO₂] decreases in the blood, less will diffuse into the spinal fluid, the medulla will detect a decrease in carbon dioxide, and cease sending signals that speed the breathing and heart rates. Now, use your new knowledge to summarize the sequence of events for the diagram to show the homeostatic mechanism at work to maintain proper CO₂ and O₂ levels. 2. 3. Increase in Variable 1. :: High CO2 levels are sensed by medulla oblongata. :: Decrease in CO2 levels, the heart and breathing rates are begin to decrease. 4. :: CO2 levels have reached the set point. The heart and lungs are functioning at their normal rate. Nerve impulses are sent by the medulla oblongata to stimulate increased activity of the heart and diaphragm.

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...