**Arsenic and Its Redox Chemistry**Arsenic has fascinating chemistry, often linked to its toxicity and historical use as a poison. Nowadays, access to arsenic is restricted for safety. Still, its compounds like arsenic acid (H₃AsO₄) and arsenous acid (H₃AsO₃) are notable. Below, explore questions on arsenic’s redox chemistry using the provided data table.**Data Table: Half-Reactions and Electrode Potentials**| Half-Reaction | E° (V) ||-----------------------------------------------------|----------|| H₃AsO₄ (aq) + 2H⁺ (aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ H₃AsO₃ (aq) + H₂O (l) | 0.575 || H₃AsO₃ (aq) + 3H⁺ (aq) + 3e⁻ ⇌ As (s) + 3H₂O (l) | 0.248 || As₂O₃ (aq) + 6H⁺ (aq) + 6e⁻ ⇌ 2As (s) + 3H₂O (l) | 0.234 || As (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) + 3e⁻ ⇌ AsH₃ (g) | -0.238 || DA (aq) + 2H⁺ (aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ AA (aq) + H₂O (l) | 0.390 |*DA = dehydroascorbic acid AA = ascorbic acid*---**Exercise Questions:**a. **Determine Reaction Reduction Potential** Use the half-reaction data to check if ascorbic acid can reduce arsenic acid to arsenous acid. Calculate the equilibrium constant at 25°C.b. **Standard Potential Determination** Find the standard potential for the half-reaction not listed in standard tables: H₃AsO₃ (aq) + 6H⁺ (aq) + 6e⁻ ⇌ AsH₃ (g) + 3H₂O (l).c. **Reduction to Arsine Gas** Arsine gas

A) Using the half-reaction data to determine if ascorbic acid can reduce arsenic acid to arsenous acid. DA (aq)+2 H+(aq) + 2 e- <------> AA (aq)+H2O (l) Eo= 0.390 V H3AsO4 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- <---------> H2AsO3 (aq) + H2O(l) Eo= 0.575 V The standard reduction potential of Arsenic acid is more than ascorbic acid. So, ascorbic acid can reduce arsenic acid to arsenous acid. At Cathode: Reduction-Half Reaction H3AsO4 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- <---------> H2AsO3 (aq) + H2O(l) EoC= 0.575 V At Anode: Oxidation-Half Reaction H2AsO3 (aq) + H2O(l) <--------->H3AsO4 (aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- EoA= 0.390 V Overall Reaction: H3AsO4 (aq) +H2AsO3 (aq)<---------> H2AsO3 (aq) +H3AsO4 (aq) Eo = EoC - EoA Eo = 0.575 V -0.390 V = 0.185 V Equilibrium constant can be calculated using the following formula: E°cell=(RTnF) ln Kln K=E°cell ×n FR Tln K =0.185 V×2×96485 J V-1 mol-18.314 J mol-1K-1 ×298 K lnK =14.409K=1810294.32 K= 1.81 ×106C) To determine the standard reduction potential of the following reaction: H3AsO3 (aq) +6H+ (aq) + 6e- <---------> AsH3 (aq) + 3 H2O(l) Consider the following reactions: H3AsO3 (aq) + 3H+ (aq) + 3e- <---------> As (s) +3 H2O(l) Eo= 0.248 V REACTION 1 ΔGO1= - nF Eo = - 3F*0.248 =-0.744 F As (s)+ 3H+ (aq) + 3e- <--------->AsH3 (g) Eo= -0.238 V REACTION 2 ΔGo2= - nF Eo = - 3F*(-0.238) = 0.714 F Now add reaction 1 and reaction 2 H3AsO3 (aq) + 6H+ (aq) +6e- <---------> AsH3 (g) +3 H2O(l) ΔGo=ΔGo1 +ΔGo2 = -0.744 F + 0.714 F = -0.03 F ΔGo= - n F Eo Eo = - ΔGo / nF = -(-0.03 F) /6 F = 0.005 V Eo = 0.005 VC) Using the half-reaction data to determine if ascorbic acid can reduce arsenous acid to arsine gas DA (aq)+2 H+(aq) + 2 e- <------> AA (aq)+H2O (l) Eo= 0.390 V H3AsO3 (aq) + 3H+ (aq) + 3e- <---------> As (s) +3 H2O(l) Eo= 0.248 V The standard reduction potential of ascorbic acid is more than Aresenous Acid. So, ascorbic acid cannot reduce arsenous acid to arsine gas.

Science

Chemistry

Arsenic has a lot of interesting chemistry. Typically, arsenic is associated with its oxicity and use as a poison. While arsenic isn't currently readily available to the public due o safety reasons, some forms of arsenic that used to be available were arsenic acid (H3ASO4) nd arsenous acid (H3ASO3). Answer the following questions about the redox chemistry of arsenic compounds using the following data table: Half-Reaction E° (V) H3ASO4 (aq) + 2H* (aq) + 2e- 2 H3ASO3 (aq) + H2O (1) H3ASO3 (ag) + 3H† (aq) + 3e- 2 As (s) + 3H2O (1) As2O3 (ag) + 6H+ (ag) + 6e- 2 2As (s) + 3H,O (1) 0.575 0.248 0.234

Arsenic has a lot of interesting chemistry. Typically, arsenic is associated with its oxicity and use as a poison. While arsenic isn't currently readily available to the public due o safety reasons, some forms of arsenic that used to be available were arsenic acid (H3ASO4) nd arsenous acid (H3ASO3). Answer the following questions about the redox chemistry of arsenic compounds using the following data table: Half-Reaction E° (V) H3ASO4 (aq) + 2H* (aq) + 2e- 2 H3ASO3 (aq) + H2O (1) H3ASO3 (ag) + 3H† (aq) + 3e- 2 As (s) + 3H2O (1) As2O3 (ag) + 6H+ (ag) + 6e- 2 2As (s) + 3H,O (1) 0.575 0.248 0.234

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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