APPENDIX STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS AT 25 °C E (V Half-Reaction E°(V) → H2(g) + 2 OH (ag) -0.83 +0.10 | HO2 (aq) + H2O(7) + 2 e –→ 3 OH (ag) 2 H2O(1) Half-Reaction +0.80 | 2 H20(1) + 2 e Ag*(aq) + e → Ag(s) +0.88 H,O2(aq) + 2 H“(aq) + 2 e 2 Hg(1) AgBr(s) + e Ag(s) + Br¯(aq) +1.78 +0.22 AgCl(s) + e → Ag(s) + Cl¯(aq) +0.79 -0.31 Hg* (aq) + 2 e Hg* (aq) 2 Hg²*(aq) + 2 e¯ → Hg(1) Ag(CN)2 (aq) + e¯ → Ag(s) + 2 CN (aq) +0.92 +0.45 Ag¿CrO4(s) + 2 e → 2 Ag(s) + CrO,²-(aq) +0.85 -0.15 Hg²* (aq) + 2 e Agl(s) + e Ag(s) + I (aq) +0.54 +0.01 2(s) + 2 e¯ → 21 (aq) I2(s) + 6 H2O(1) 2 IO3 (aq) + 12 H*(aq) + 10 e → K(s) → Ag(s) + 2 S2O²-(aq) Ag(S2O3)2*¯(aq) + e Al (aq) + 3 e +1.20 -1.66 → Al(s) -2.92 +0.56 K*(aq) + e H3ASO4(aq) 2 H*(aq) + 2 e¯ → H3ASO3(aq) + H2O(1) → Li(s) -3.05 -2.90 Li*(aq) + e Ba2*(aq) + 2 e¯ → Ba(s) Mg(s) -2.37 + 2e - BiO*(aq) + 2 H*(aq) + 3 e Bi(s) + H2O(1) +0.32 | Mg²*(aq) Mn(s) -1.18 → 2 Br¯(aq) +1.07 | Mn²+(ag) + 2 e¯ → Br2 (1) + 2 e Mn²* (aq) + 2 H¿O(1) +1.23 +1.52 2 BrO3 (aq) + 12 H*(aq) + 10 e¯ → MnO2(s) + 4 H*(aq) + 2 e Br2(1) + 6 H20(1) (aq) + 4 H,0(1) MnO2(s) + 4OH (aq) +0.59 → Mn² + +1.51 -0.49 2 CO2(8) + 2 H*(aq) + 2 e MnO4 (aq) + 8 H*(aq) + 5 e H2C2O4(aq) Ca2"(aq) -2.87 MnO4 (aq) + 2 H2O(1) + 3 e → + 2 e → Ca(s) -0.40 NO(8) + H2O(1) +1.00 Cd²"(aq) HNO2(aq) + H*(aq) + e¯ + 2e → Cd(s) Ce*(aq) + e Ce (aq) +1.61 N2(8) + 4 H2O(1) + 4 e 4 OH (aq) + N,H4(aq) -1.16 Cl2(g) + 2 e →2 Cl¯(aq) +1.36 | N2(8) + 5 H*(aq) + 4 e N2H5 (aq) -0.23 Cl2(8) + 2 H2O(1) +1.63 NO3 (aq) + 4H*(aq) + 3 e¯ → NO(g) + 2 H2O(I) +0.96 2 HC1O(aq) + 2 H*(aq) + 2 e¯ → CIO (aq) + H2O(1) + 2 e¯ –→ Cl^(aq) + 2 OH (aq) +0.89 Na*(ag) + e¯ → Na(s) -2.71 2 CIO3 (aq) + 12 H*(aq) + 10 e Cl2(8) + 6 H2O(1) +1.47 Ni²* (aq) + 2e¯ –→ Ni(s) -0.28 -0.28 Co2+ (aq) + 2 e → Co(s) -0.28 O2(8) + 4 H*(aq) + 4 e¯ → 2 H2O(1) +1.23 Co3+ - Co2" (aq) (aд) + e — +1.84 O2(8) + 2 H2O(1) + 4 e → 4 OH (aq) +0.40 Cr3*(ag) + 3 e Cr(s) -0.74 O2(8) + 2 H*(aq) + 2 e¯ H,O2(aq) +0.68 Cr* (ag) + e¯ → Cr²*(aq) -0.41 O3(8) + 2 H*(aq) + 2 e¯ O2(8) + H2O(1) +2.07 Cr20, (aq) + 14 H*(aq) + 6 e → 2 Cr3*(aq) + 7 H2O(1) +1.33 | Pb²*(aq) + 2 e → Pb(s) -0.13 CrOf (aq) + 4 H20(1) + 3 e¯ → -0.13 PbO2(s) + HSO4 (aq) + 3 H* (aq) + 2 e +1.69 Cr(OH)3(s) + 5 OH (aq) Cu²" (ag) - + 2 e Cu(s) +0.34 | PBSO4(s) + H*(aq) + 2 e PBSO4(s) + 2 H,O(1) Cu²+ (aq) + e¯ → Cu*(aq) Pb(s) + HSO4 (aq) -0.36 +0.15 PtCl (aq) + 2 e¯ – Pt(s) + 4 Cl (aq) +0.73 Cu*(aq) + e Cu(s) +0.52 S(s) + 2H*(aq) + 2 e +0.14 H2S(8) -0.19 | H2SO3(aq) + 4 H*(aq) + 4 e +2.87 | HSO4 (aq) + 3 H*(aq) + 2 e Cul(s) + e¯ → Cu(s) + I (aq) 2F (aq) +0.45 F2(g) + 2 e → S(s) + 3 H20(1) Fe2* (aq) + 2 e¯ → Fe(s) H2SO3(aq) + H20(1) +0.17 -0.44 Sn2+(aq) + 2 e¯ –→ Fe* (aq) + e → Fe2* (aq) Sn(s) -0.14 +0.77 Snt+ (aq) + 2 e Sn²+ (aq) +0.36 | VO2 (aq) + 2 H*(aq) + e → Fe(CN), (aq) + e → Fe(CN) (aq) +0.15 2 H*(aq) + 2 e → H2(8) VO²* (aq) + H2O(1) +1.00 0.00 Zn2+(aq) + 2 e → → Zn(s) -0.76