An unlined irrigation canal has been aligned parallel to a river, as shown (next page). This cross-section continues for 5.25 miles (length of irrigation canal). The predominant soils are generally clayey soils with extremely low permeability, but the geotechnical engineer realized that a 6 in thick sand seam is present as shown (thickness perpendicular to the flow). The sand has a hydraulic conductivity of 8.2 x 10 cm/sec. (A) Compute the water loss from the canal to the river due to seepage through this sand layer and express your answer in acre-foot per month. Note: One acre-foot is the amount of water that would cover one acre of ground to a depth of one foot, and thus equals 43,560 ft.

Q: How does soil conditions between samples determined by noting soil cuttings?

A: Soil conditions between samples are determined by noting soil cuttings as follows: In solid stem…

Q: Define how to measure the strength and deformability of soil ?

A: The strength of the soil is expressed in terms of shear strength. The shear strength of the soil is…

Q: Describe the process of soil improvement and ground modification techniques ?

A: Soil amendment and ground alterations are important in the field of geotechnical engineering to…

Q: Outline the general procedure used to drill soil borings and obtain soil samples for classification…

A: General procedure in soil boring:

Q: 2. are engineering works created through the processing of parts of the earth's surface involving…

A: Various engineering work done on the earth's surface- Soil nailing  Ground freezing Caisson  Trench…

Q: Discuss the importance of soil testing and laboratory analysis in soil mechanics ?

A: The role of soil testing and laboratory analysis is very important in soil mechanics since they…

Q: Peak shear Dense sand strength Uitimate shear oc clay strength Shear stress Dense sand/OC Clay Shear…

A: Soil failure normally occurs on a given surface (shear plane) as opposed to other materials , such…

Q: What is soil set-up factor?

A: The bearing capacity is the major factor in the geotechnical engineering. The scientists have…

Q: Explain Application to Transported Soil Deposits and Residual Soil Formations.

A: The transported soils are that type of soils which formed at one place but gets transported and…

Q: Explain the concept of soil stabilization and common stabilizing agents used in civil engineering.

A: Ground hardening is a technique applied in civil engineering to improve soil’s mechanical properties…

Q: What are Collapsible soils?

A: Collapsible Soil:

Q: Why does Distinct blocks and wedges of soil may become separated from the adjoining earth?

A: An earth slope or soil slope is an inclined surface of soil mass. This slope can be either natural…

Q: Describe the methods of soil mixing.

A: Soil intermixture consists of exploitation specially designed augers or special tools to…

Q: How does Dry densities (or unit weights) are obtained?

A: The dry unit weight of the soil can be defined as it is the ratio of the oven-dry weight of the soil…

Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.