An industrial load consumes P = 25 kW with a power factor PF = 0.8 lagging. The motor in 2a is connected in parallel for power factor correction purposes: (i) Define power factor. (ii) Find the real and reactive power of the integrated system. (iii) Find the power factor of the integrated system. (iv) Explain how excitation control can be used for power factor correction, and describe how this technique could be used to reach unity power factor of the integrated system. (v) How do companies benefit from power factor correction?

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Synchronous Motor

The synchronous motor is an AC electric type motor where at a steady-state the shaft rotation is synchronized with the supply current variable-frequency. To an integral number of AC cycles, the rotation period is exactly equal. The stator of the motor in the synchronous motor contains multi-phase AC electromagnets due to which a magnetic field is created that rotates in time with the oscillation of the line current. The rotor contains a permanent magnet and the rotor rotates in synchronization with the stator field at the same rate and provides the second synchronized magnetic field which is rotating in nature as a result. When the synchronous motor is supplied with independently excited multi-phase AC electromagnets on both the rotor and the stator, it is termed as a doubly-fed machine. The most widely used AC-type motors are the synchronous AC motor and the induction AC motors.