An 8 m thick saturated clay layer lies above a permeable dense sand layer. The clay settles by 40 mm in 2 years when subjected to a widespread load of 50 kN/m² at its surface. (i) What will be the ultimate settlement of the clay? (ii) Calculate the compression index, C of the clay. Assume that the water table is below the dense sand layer and will not influence the settlement. Properties of clay: Average bulk unit weight, Ybulk 18 kN/m³, Coefficient of consolidation, C = 1 m²/yr and Specific gravity, G = 2.65. Unit weight of water is equal to 9.81 kN/m³.

An 8 m thick saturated clay layer lies above a permeable dense sand layer. The clay settles by 40 mm in 2 years when subjected to a widespread load of 50 kN/m² at its surface. (i) What will be the ultimate settlement of the clay? (ii) Calculate the compression index, C of the clay. Assume that the water table is below the dense sand layer and will not influence the settlement. Properties of clay: Average bulk unit weight, Ybulk 18 kN/m³, Coefficient of consolidation, C = 1 m²/yr and Specific gravity, G = 2.65. Unit weight of water is equal to 9.81 kN/m³.

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Field applications of hydraulic conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity is one of the hydraulic properties of soil defined as a measurement of the ability of a porous medium to permit water movement or fluid flow through it. It is denoted by the letter K. It is influenced by the density and viscosity of the fluid. It is also called permeability. Hydraulic conductivity is defined as the ratio of velocity to the hydraulic gradient. The different methods used to determine the hydraulic conductivity are laboratory methods (constant head permeability tests and falling head tests), in-situ field methods (pumping in and pumping out tests), small scale field tests (infiltration tests and slug tests), and indirect methods such as estimation from grain size, consolidation test data, and horizontal capillary test. The pedotransfer function (PTF) method is a specific empirical estimating approach employed in the soil sciences is also used to determine the hydraulic conductivity of the soil.

Question

An 8 m thick saturated clay layer lies above a permeable dense sand layer. The clay settles by
40 mm in 2 years when subjected to a widespread load of 50 kN/m² at its surface.
(i) What will be the ultimate settlement of the clay?
(ii) Calculate the compression index, C of the clay.
Assume that the water table is below the dense sand layer and will not influence the settlement.
Properties of clay: Average bulk unit weight, Ybulk 18 kN/m³, Coefficient of consolidation, C₁ = 1
m²/yr and Specific gravity, G = 2.65. Unit weight of water is equal to 9.81 kN/m³.

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