ami Tyler opened Tami’s Creations, Incorporated, a small manufacturing company, at the beginning of the year. Getting the company through its first quarter of operations placed a considerable strain on Ms. Tyler’s personal finances. The following income statement for the first quarter was prepared by a friend who has just completed a course in managerial accounting at State University. Tami’s Creations, Incorporated Income Statement For the Quarter Ended March 31 Sales (28,600 units) $ 1,144,000 Variable expenses: Variable cost of goods sold $ 437,580 Variable selling and administrative 194,480 632,060 Contribution margin 511,940 Fixed expenses: Fixed manufacturing overhead 252,800 Fixed selling and administrative 271,140 523,940 Net operating loss $ ( 12,000) Ms. Tyler is discouraged over the loss shown for the quarter, particularly because she had planned to use the statement as support for a bank loan. Another friend, a CPA, insists that the company should be using absorption costing rather than variable costing and argues that if absorption costing had been used the company probably would have reported at least some profit for the quarter. At this point, Ms. Tyler is manufacturing only one product—a swimsuit. Production and cost data relating to the swimsuit for the first quarter follow: Units produced 31,600 Units sold 28,600 Variable costs per unit: Direct materials $ 7.60 Direct labor $ 6.20 Variable manufacturing overhead $ 1.50 Variable selling and administrative $ 6.80 Required: 1. Complete the following: a. Compute the unit product cost under absorption costing. b. What is the company’s absorption costing net operating income (loss) for the quarter? c. Reconcile the variable and absorption costing net operating income (loss) figures. 3. During the second quarter of operations, the company again produced 31,600 units but sold 34,600 units. (Assume no change in total fixed costs.) a. What is the company’s variable costing net operating income (loss) for the second quarter? b. What is the company’s absorption costing net operating income (loss) for the second quarter? c. Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing net operating incomes for the second quarter.
The Effect Of Prepaid Taxes On Assets And Liabilities
Many businesses estimate tax liability and make payments throughout the year (often quarterly). When a company overestimates its tax liability, this results in the business paying a prepaid tax. Prepaid taxes will be reversed within one year but can result in prepaid assets and liabilities.
Final Accounts
Financial accounting is one of the branches of accounting in which the transactions arising in the business over a particular period are recorded.
Ledger Posting
A ledger is an account that provides information on all the transactions that have taken place during a particular period. It is also known as General Ledger. For example, your bank account statement is a general ledger that gives information about the amount paid/debited or received/ credited from your bank account over some time.
Trial Balance and Final Accounts
In accounting we start with recording transaction with journal entries then we make separate ledger account for each type of transaction. It is very necessary to check and verify that the transaction transferred to ledgers from the journal are accurately recorded or not. Trial balance helps in this. Trial balance helps to check the accuracy of posting the ledger accounts. It helps the accountant to assist in preparing final accounts. It also helps the accountant to check whether all the debits and credits of items are recorded and posted accurately. Like in a balance sheet debit and credit side should be equal, similarly in trial balance debit balance and credit balance should tally.
Adjustment Entries
At the end of every accounting period Adjustment Entries are made in order to adjust the accounts precisely replicate the expenses and revenue of the current period. It is also known as end of period adjustment. It can also be referred as financial reporting that corrects the errors made previously in the accounting period. The basic characteristics of every adjustment entry is that it affects at least one real account and one nominal account.
Tami Tyler opened Tami’s Creations, Incorporated, a small manufacturing company, at the beginning of the year. Getting the company through its first quarter of operations placed a considerable strain on Ms. Tyler’s
| Tami’s Creations, Incorporated Income Statement For the Quarter Ended March 31 |
||
| Sales (28,600 units) | $ 1,144,000 | |
|---|---|---|
| Variable expenses: | ||
| Variable cost of goods sold | $ 437,580 | |
| Variable selling and administrative | 194,480 | 632,060 |
| Contribution margin | 511,940 | |
| Fixed expenses: | ||
| Fixed manufacturing |
252,800 | |
| Fixed selling and administrative | 271,140 | 523,940 |
| Net operating loss | $ ( 12,000) |
Ms. Tyler is discouraged over the loss shown for the quarter, particularly because she had planned to use the statement as support for a bank loan. Another friend, a CPA, insists that the company should be using absorption costing rather than variable costing and argues that if absorption costing had been used the company probably would have reported at least some profit for the quarter.
At this point, Ms. Tyler is manufacturing only one product—a swimsuit. Production and cost data relating to the swimsuit for the first quarter follow:
| Units produced | 31,600 |
|---|---|
| Units sold | 28,600 |
| Variable costs per unit: | |
| Direct materials | $ 7.60 |
| Direct labor | $ 6.20 |
| Variable manufacturing overhead | $ 1.50 |
| Variable selling and administrative | $ 6.80 |
Required:
1. Complete the following:
a. Compute the unit product cost under absorption costing.
b. What is the company’s absorption costing net operating income (loss) for the quarter?
c. Reconcile the variable and absorption costing net operating income (loss) figures.
3. During the second quarter of operations, the company again produced 31,600 units but sold 34,600 units. (Assume no change in total fixed costs.)
a. What is the company’s variable costing net operating income (loss) for the second quarter?
b. What is the company’s absorption costing net operating income (loss) for the second quarter?
c. Reconcile the variable costing and absorption costing net operating incomes for the second quarter.
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